黑龙江省两种不同穗型水稻品种的子粒灌浆特性  

Grain-filling Characteristics of Two Different Panicle Rice Varieties in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：薛菁芳[1,2,3] 陈书强[1,2,3] 杜晓东[2] 潘国君[2] 王玉成[4] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院博士后科研工作站,哈尔滨150086 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯水稻研究所,黑龙江佳木斯154026 [3]东北林业大学博士后科研流动站,哈尔滨150086 [4]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2014年第12期2736-2742,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD04B01-02);黑龙江省杰出青年基金项目(JG05-22);黑龙江省科技攻关计划项目(GA09B102-3);2012年黑龙江省农业科技创新工程青年基金项目;黑龙江省政府博士后经费资助项目(LBH-Z10038)

摘　　要：应用Richards方程对两种不同穗型的地方主栽水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种的不同粒位子粒灌浆过程进行拟合,研究两类主栽品种的灌浆特性,以期明确不同品种在年际间整精米率相差较大的原因,并通过栽培调控措施提高其加工品质。结果表明,弯曲穗型品种龙粳29的产量略高于半直立穗型品种龙粳31,而整精米率明显低于龙粳31。龙粳29的二次枝梗子粒较多,导致其充实度较低,结实率下降,出米率不高。半直立穗型品种龙粳31的6种粒位的灌浆速率峰值出现在同一时间段内,同步灌浆特征明显,一次枝梗子粒灌浆速率高,中期灌浆快,二次枝梗子粒灌浆速率虽低但较早进入灌浆盛期,中后期较长的灌浆持续时间使其二次枝梗子粒充实紧密;弯曲穗型品种龙粳29在一次枝梗子粒灌浆速率下降后,二次枝梗子粒灌浆速率才有较大上升,为异步灌浆特性,在灌浆前期,上部、中部、下部二次枝梗子粒均明显受到一次枝梗子粒的抑制,二次枝梗子粒灌浆起始生长势、最大灌浆速率较低,达到灌浆盛期晚,中后期实际灌浆时间较短,子粒充实不良。同步灌浆特性使穗内子粒间的品质整齐度差异变小,这是龙粳31年际间整精米率较稳定的主要原因;而异步灌浆特性使穗内子粒间的品质整齐度差异变大,加之二次枝梗子粒灌浆盛期低温是导致龙粳29年际间整精米率下降的主要原因。The grain filling processe s on different positions in the rice of semi-erect panicle type and the rice of curved curse panicle type were analyzed with Richards growth equation to clear reason of the interannual large difference between the head rice rate of different varieties and to improve the processing quality through cultivation measures. The results showed that the curved panicle type varieties longjing 29 was slightly more than that of semi-erect panicle varieties longjing 31, but yield of the head rice rate of longjing 29 was significantly lower than that of longjing 31. More secondary branch grain on longjing 29 was the main reason of its low enrichment degree, low seed setting rate and low milled rice rate. The difference between the maximum and minimum values of the time to maximum filling rate（t-V max） of the semi-erect panicle type vari-eties longjing 31 on six grain positions was only for 4.77 days. The grain filling peak value appeared at the same time, and synchronous grain filling characteristic was apparent. Grain filling rate of the primary branch grains was higher, and the mid-dle and later filling periods was faster. Grain filling rate of the secondary branch was lower and it was early to enter the grouting stage. Longer grain filling duration time of the middle and later filling periods made grain of the secondary branch tightly enrich. The difference between the maximum and minimum values of the time to maximum filling rate （t-V max） of the curved panicle type varieties longjing 29 on six grain positions was for 13.00 days. After grain filling rate of the primary branch grains declined, grain filling rate of the secondary branch largely rise. This belonged to asynchronous grain filling features. At the early stage the filling of the secondary branch grains at the upper, middle and basal parts was significantly inhibited by the primary branch grains. Lower initial growth potential and maximum grain filling rate, later appearance of ac-tive grain filling period and shorter duration o

关 键 词：水稻(Oryza SATIVA L ) 穗型 灌浆特性 整精米率 黑龙江省 rice(Oryza SATIVA L ) 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]