红壤坡地香根草植物篱产流产沙过程模拟  

Simulation on the process of runoff and sediment yield of Vetiveria zizanioides L. hedgerow in red-soil hilly area

作　　者：袁久芹[1] 梁音[1] 曹龙熹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室,南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2014年第4期14-20,共7页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"红壤地区农田水土保持关键技术与示范"(2011BAD31B04-2);青年科学基金项目"红壤区马尾松林下土壤抗侵蚀能力的机理研究"(41101253);水利部长江委重点项目"花岗岩地区马尾松林地水土流失规律试验研究"

摘　　要：通过3种不同地类(香根草、普通草地、裸地)小区的人工降雨试验,分析对比红壤坡地香根草植物篱的水土保持效果,探讨香根草植物篱不同部位的防蚀机制。结果表明:1)香根草植物篱具有明显的减流减沙效益,相比裸地,香根草减流21%,产沙量只有裸地的18%;2)香根草植物篱的产流时间明显滞后,在降雨强度较大条件下的减流减沙效应更显著;3)减流效应主要依靠地下部分根系对土壤结构的改善,增加降水入渗,减少地表径流;4)减沙效应主要依靠地上部分庞大的生物量削弱雨滴动能,减轻对土壤颗粒的破坏。The simulated rainfall experiment was conducted on three different land types,i.e.,Vetiveria zizanioides L.,ordinary grass and bare land,to analyze water and soil conservation effects and mechanism of V.zizanioides contour hedge.The results of a series of experiments showed that,compared with bare land,the V.zizanioides hedgerow reduced runoff by 21％,while the sediment yield was only 18％ of that on bare land.The initial time-to-runoff of V.zizanioides contour hedge lagged behind prominently.With the rainfall intensity increasing,the effect of reducing runoff and sediment was more significant.The effect of reducing runoff and soil erosion was controlled by developed root system which improved soil structure,maintained higher water infiltration capacity,and thus reduced surface runoff.The huge aboveground biomass weakened the kinetic energy of raindrops,and reduced their impact on soil particles.

关 键 词：香根草 植物篱 减流减沙 防蚀机制 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]