温室主动蓄放热-热泵联合加温系统热力学分析  

Thermodynamic analysis of active heat storage-release associated with heat pump heating system in greenhouse

作　　者：孙维拓[1,2,3] 张义[1,2] 杨其长[1,2] 方慧[1,2] 卢威[1,2] 胡永逵 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [2]农业部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室,北京100081 [3]北京农业智能装备技术研究中心,北京100097 [4]北京中科华誉能源技术发展有限责任公司,北京100083

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2014年第14期179-188,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：863计划资助课题(2013AA102407);国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD08B02);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203002);基本科研业务费(BSRF201405)

摘　　要：主动蓄放热-热泵联合加温系统加温和节能效果显著，在温室加温领域应用前景广阔，但系统技术参数及工艺仍有待优化。该文通过对系统进行能量平衡和可用能（Exergy）分析，得出系统及各组件的性能系数、可用能损失、损失比和可用能效率，以此为依据对系统进行性能评价和优化。试验结果表明：系统平均1d中集热和保温阶段可用能损失总量为9.77×104 kJ，可用能效率为48.7%；可用能损失最大、可用能效率最低的组件是主动蓄放热装置，其次是热泵装置、循环水泵和蓄热水箱，其可用能损失比分别为78.7%、8.3%、7.7%、5.3%，可用能效率分别为25.6%、38.3%、75.0%、88.2%。就整个系统而言，最需要进行技术优化的是主动蓄放热装置与热泵装置，可用能损失主要由有限温差传热引起，降低传热温差、减少有限温差传热过程以及改进生产工艺是优化的重点。试验期间系统的集热效率为89.0%～100.5%，热泵装置制热性能系数（coefficient of performance，COPHp）达5.48～6.08，性能远远高于传统太阳能热水系统以及水、地源热泵。该研究为温室加温系统性能评价和优化设计提供思路。Active heat storage-release associated with heat pump heating system （AHSRHPS） has remarkable heating and energy-saving effects, which use the same principle as an indirect-expansion solar heat pump, while allowing the technical parameters and processes to continue to improve. The system in this study was designed and constructed in the experimental glass greenhouse at the Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The main objective was to investigate performance evaluation and thermoeconomic analysis of AHSRHPS for greenhouse heating in the winter. This included the exergy loss of the system and components, defining the specific locations and primary causes of exergy loss, finding methods and technical routes used to reduce exergy loss by exergy analysis based on the second law of thermodynamics, and lastly, optimizing the system further. The heat collecting efficiency of the system ranged from 89.0%to 100.5%during the test and was much higher than the common solar water heating systems. Increasing the heat convection area between an active heat storage-release device and heated indoor air contributed to promoting the heat collecting efficiency. The coil heat exchanger of the heat pump equipment integrated with the heat storage water tank avoided power consumption of circulating water pumps at the heat source and load sides. In doing so, the water temperature of the heat source side had a relatively high temperature, causing the coefficient of performance （COPHp） of the heat pump equipment to range from 5.48 to 6.08, a much higher result than traditional water and ground source heat pumps. However, the discharge pressure and temperature had a tendency of increasing, which resulted in a reduction on COPHp, as the water temperature at load side increased. Over-high temperature requirements went against the system operations of reliability and economy. The exergy loss and efficiency of the overall system was obtained to be 9.77×104 kJ and

关 键 词：温室 加温 蓄热 热泵 热力学 可用能 

分 类 号：S625[农业科学—园艺学]