氯氰菊酯在甜玉米上的残留及消解动态研究  

Residues and Degradation Dynamics of Beta-cypermethrin in Sweet Corn

作　　者：李梅[1] 王蕴波[1] 杨泉女[1] 陈文胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]佛山科学技术学院食品与园艺学院,广东佛山528231

出　　处：《玉米科学》2014年第4期72-77,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国际科技合作项目(2009DFA313110);广东省农业科技项目"粤财农2011(584)"

摘　　要：甜玉米由于自身特性及气候、栽培等因素,虫害严重,甜玉米农药残留是限制甜玉米市场消费增长和产业发展的重要因素。选用甜玉米品种佛甜2号,药剂为大田生产常用药剂—高效氯氰菊酯,研究甜玉米中后期施药次数、施药量对甜玉米子粒农药残留量的影响及农药降解规律。结果表明,氯氰菊酯在甜玉米上的残留量随时间的延长迅速减少,消解曲线均为指数方程;在叶上的残留量远远高于其他部位,在茎、苞叶、穗轴和子粒中的残留依次降低;残留量与喷药次数、喷药量密切相关。收获期甜玉米子粒、穗轴上的农药残留低于检出限量,苞叶上的残留量低于国际标准,收获后3 d甜玉米秸秆上的农药残留量低于相应国家饲料标准;采收期前15 d左右,以常用剂量的两倍进行氯氰菊酯喷雾,穗轴、子粒中均无氯氰菊酯农药残留检出,不会影响甜玉米子粒的食用安全性;收获后3 d秸秆做青贮饲料和穗渣做食用菌培养材料也是安全的。Sweet corn pests often cause serious damage attributed to own characteristics, cultivation and factors such as climate, pesticide residue are important factors to limit sweet corn market consumption growth and industrial development at present. The experiments were carried out by Fotian No.2 as variety, the test pesticide was beta- cypermethrin which was a commonly drug in field production of sweet corn. The influence of dosage and frequency of pesticides apphcation on pesticide residues in sweet corn were studied. The results showed that cypermethrin residues in all parts of sweet corn rapidly decreased with the extension of time. The curves of residues degradation could be well described by exponential equations with extremely significant correlation coefficient R. Pesticide residues on the leaf were much higher than other parts of the residues in the stems, bracts, cobs and grain residues in descending order. There was a positive correlation between pesticide residues and the dosage and application frequency of pesticides. The pesticide residues of cypermethrin in grain and cobs of harvest sweet corn were below the detection limit, residues on the bract is also lower than the international standard, the pesticide residues in sweet corn leaves have been lower than the corresponding national feed standards on three days after harvest. There was no pesticide residue detected in cobs and grains of sweet corn in harvest even if beta-cypermethrin was employed two times at the normal dosage about 15 days before harvest time, and the residues of cypermethrin in straw was be- low the national standard on three days after harvest. So sweet corn kernels is safe to eat, the same as using straw as silage.

关 键 词：甜玉米 氯氰菊酯 农药残留 消解动态 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]