颈动脉内膜剥脱术改善血管性认知功能损害的初步研究  被引量:16

Effects of carotid endarterectomy on cognitive function in patients with carotid stenosis

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作  者:王旗[1] 张明[1] 黄佃[1] 周瑜[1] 乔彤[1] 

机构地区:[1]南京医科大学鼓楼临床医学院南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院血管外科,210008

出  处:《中华外科杂志》2014年第8期602-607,共6页Chinese Journal of Surgery

基  金:江苏省"六大人才高峰"资助项目(2012-WS-094)

摘  要:目的 探讨颈动脉内膜剥脱术(CEA)对颈动脉粥样硬化狭窄(CAS)患者认知功能的治疗改善作用.方法 对2011年12月至2013年7月入院并符合纳入标准的38例CAS患者行CEA术,其中男性26例,女性12例,平均年龄(70±7)岁.左侧颈动脉严重狭窄21例,右侧颈动脉严重狭窄17例.术前1周行头颅磁共振灌注加权成像(PWI)及磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)检查,并利用简易精神状态量表(MMSE)及蒙特利尔认知量表(MoCA)评估患者认知、情感情况.术后4周复查MRI,术后6周复查MMSE及MoCA,评价CEA对患者脑灌注及认知功能的改善效果.结果 PWI结果显示,术后病变侧灌注情况较术前明显改善,血流达峰时间(29 ±9比23 ±4)、相对平均通过时间(22 ±8比14 ±6)、血流到达时间(21 ±8比15 ±4)明显缩短,相对脑血容量(11.6±3.5比7.5±3.2)明显下降(t=1.31 -5.24,均P<0.05).术前MMSE及MoCA评估发现35例CAS患者存在不同程度的认知功能障碍;术后患者MMSE评分较术前无明显变化,而术后MoCA评分较术前有显著提高(20.4±1.5比22.0±1.6,t=-4.25,P=0.000);MoCA单项评分中,视空间执行能力(2.4±0.9比2.8±0.7)、命名(2.0±0.7比2.3±0.6)、注意力(2.3±0.6比2.6±0.5)及抽象概括能力(1.2±0.7比1.6±0.6)与术前相比差异有统计学意义(t=0.015 -0.029,均P<0.05).结论 CEA在有效增加CAS患者大脑灌注的同时可以不同程度地改善CAS患者的认知功能障碍,对由颈动脉狭窄引起的轻度血管性认知功能障碍有一定的治疗作用.Objective To investigate the theraputic effects of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) on cognitive function in patients with carotid stenosis (CAS) and congnitive impairment.Methods CEA was performed on 38 patients with CAS from December 2011 to July 2013.There were 26 male and 12 female patients,with an average age of (70 ± 7) years.Patients was underwent neuropsychological examinations (NPEs) including Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at 1 week before and 6 weeks after treatment.Cerebral perfusion was assessed with MR perfusion-weighted imaging and diffusion-weighted inmaging at 1 week before and 6 weeks after treatment.Results All of the 38 patients completed NPEs and MRI at baseline and 6 weeks after CEA.After therapy,the parameters and the extents of abnormal perfusion was improved,including the decrease of time to peak (29 ± 9 vs.23 ± 4),relative mean transit time (22 ±8 vs.14 ±6),arrive time (21 ±8 vs.15 ±4) and relative cerebral blood volume (11.6 ± 3.5 vs.7.5 ± 3.2) (t =1.31 to 5.24,all P < 0.05).Significant improvement in MoCA (20.4±1.5 vs.22.0±1.6,t=-4.25,P=0.000) but MMSE (26.16 ±1.35 vs.26.47 ±1.52,t=-0.96,P =0.341) was observed.CEA significantly improved the assessment of visuospacial/constructive abilities (2.4 ± 0.9 vs.2.8 ± 0.7),naming (2.0 ± 0.7 vs.2.3 ± 0.6),abstraction (1.2 ± 0.7 vs.1.6 ± 0.6) and attention (2.3 ± 0.6 vs.2.6±0.5) (t=0.015to0.029,P=0.015).Conclusion CEAcan improve the cognitive function of patients with carotid stenosis as well as the cerebral perfusion of patients and has therapeutic effects on vascular mild cognitive impairment.

关 键 词:颈动脉疾病 动脉粥样硬化 颈动脉内膜切除术 认知功能障碍 磁共振成像 弥散 

分 类 号:R654.3[医药卫生—外科学]

 

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