温度骤变对稀有鮈鲫胚胎及仔鱼畸死率的影响  

The effect of abrupt temperature change on deformity-mortality rate of embryo and larva of Gobiocypris rarus

作　　者：陈冬明[1] 焦平[1] 杨调燕 王志坚[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学生命科学学院淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室水产科学重庆市市级重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2014年第4期96-100,共5页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：重庆市科委重点实验室专项经费;中国核电集团重庆筹备处委托项目:重庆涪陵(石佛)核电厂工程建设对长江重庆段四大家鱼国家级水产种质资源保护区影响研究

摘　　要：设定基温(23℃),研究了温度骤变(23℃→35℃、37℃、39℃→23℃)条件下不同的处理时间对稀有鮈鲫(Gobiocypris rarus)不同发育阶段的胚胎和仔鱼的影响,以期为评估温排水对鱼类的影响提供基础资料。结果表明,稀有鮈鲫不同发育阶段的胚胎和仔鱼均能耐受温度骤变(23℃→35℃→23℃),与对照组(23℃)没有产生显著性差异;但当温度骤变为(23℃→37℃、39℃→23℃)时,随着骤变温度的升高以及处理时间的延长,不同发育阶段的胚胎和仔鱼畸死率升高,耐受能力表现出较大差异。其中,眼黑期>肌肉效应期>胚孔封闭期;混合营养期>外源性营养期>内源性营养期。On the condition of basic temperature （23℃）, the effect of abrupt temperature change and different processing time on embryos with different developmental stages and larvae of Gobiocypris rarus were studied .The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for evaluating the effect of thermal discharge into water on fish .The results showed that all the embryos and larvaes could withstand abrupt temperature change from 23 ℃to 35℃and then to 23 ℃, and no significant difference were observed compared with control group （raised in 23℃all the time）.However, when the abrupt tempera-ture change was 23℃to 37 ℃or 39℃and then to 23 ℃, the tolerance of embryos in different developmental stages and larvae were dependent on the temperature rise and processing time , the higher abrupt temperature change and longer pro-cessing time, the higher deformity-mortality rate.Different developmental stages had different tolerance .Among them, embryos in melanoid eyes stage were stronger than in muscular contraction stage , and those in closure of blastopore stage were the weakest .The tolerances in mixed feeding stage , exogenous feeding stage and endogenous feeding stage decreased in order.

关 键 词：温度骤变 稀有(鱼句)鲫( Gobiocypris rarus) 畸死率 显著性 

分 类 号：S931.3[农业科学—渔业资源] X52[农业科学—水产科学]