挖泥船疏浚施工引起的悬浮物扩散现场观测研究  

Field observation and study of turbidity plume induced by dredger

作　　者：张绍华[1,2] 蒋昌波[1,3] 陈杰[1,3] 胡保安[2] 

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学水利工程学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]中交天津航道局有限公司,天津300461 [3]水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2014年第4期44-48,共5页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51239001);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金新教师类资助课题(20124316120003);湖南省教育厅资助科研项目(13B130);天津市科技兴海行动计划(KJXH2011-12)

摘　　要：挖泥船疏浚施工引起的悬浮物扩散对海域环境具有危害性。对绞吸式挖泥船疏浚作业、耙吸式挖泥船疏浚和溢流引起的悬浮物扩散以及潮流流向、流速开展现场观测。结果表明,因疏浚对底泥的扰动作用,底部悬浮物浓度相对较大,表层悬浮物浓度相对较小。在对流和扩散作用下,形成以疏浚船为中心不断向外扩散的浑浊水体。溢流发生造成挖泥船附近水域悬浮物浓度增加,表层悬浮物浓度增幅较大。There is increasing awareness of environmental impact of suspended solids diffusion induced by dredging. The field observation was carried out to investigate turbidity plume during dredging operation of cut- ter suction dredgers and drag-suction dredgers and after drag-suction dredger spilling. The tidal current veloci- ty and direction were measured. The results showed that the concentration of suspended solids near bottom was greater than those on the water surface, because of bottom mud disturbance by dredgers. The turbidity plume centerer spread to surrounding water under convection and diffusion action. The concentration of suspended solids near the dredger increased after drag-suction dredger spilling, especially the concentration near water surface.

关 键 词：悬浮物扩散 现场观测 绞吸式挖泥船 耙吸式挖泥船 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]