不同红叶性状桃叶片花色素苷种类鉴定及呈色规律研究  

Studies on Anthocyanin Composition and the Coloring Rule of Peaches with Different Red Leaf Coloration Types

作　　者：王明玉[1] 姜卫兵[1] 韩健[1] 王小青[1] 张斌斌[2] 马瑞娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院园艺研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2014年第7期1364-1370,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：南京农业大学青年科技创新基金(KJ09010);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金[CX(10)107]

摘　　要：以早熟桃（Prunus persica,‘早美’、‘春蕾’）和红叶桃（Prunus persicaf.atropur purea,‘筑波5号’、‘洛格红叶’）两种不同叶片呈色类型桃品种为试材,在5～9月份对其呈色过程中叶片色泽、花色素组成进行了测定,并对其叶片色差值与色素组成间的相关性进行了分析,探讨早熟桃和红叶桃叶片呈色差异的生理机制.结果表明：（1）红叶桃叶片5月下旬叶片出现“返青”现象,叶片a＊值由正值变为负值;相反早熟桃叶片6月份果实采收后叶片由鲜艳绿色逐渐变为红紫色,叶片a＊值逐渐增大.（2）在试验所选的4个品种中共发现5类花色素苷,早熟桃含有3类,红叶桃含有4类,矢车菊素3葡萄糖苷和矢车菊素3芸香糖苷为两种类型桃叶片所共有的且含量相对较高的花色素苷;呈色过程中叶片花色素苷种类基本不变,但各色素含量发生了明显的变化.（3）多元回归分析显示：红叶桃叶片与早熟桃叶片的a＊值分别与矢车菊素3葡萄糖苷、矢车菊素3芸香糖苷含量呈正相关关系,且均与Ant/Chl呈负相关关系.研究表明,矢车菊素为桃叶片呈现红色的物质基础,两种类型桃叶片呈色差异并非所含花色素苷种类不同所致,而与不同种类花色素苷含量有关.The early maturing peach （‘Zaomei’,‘Chunlei’） and red leaf peach （‘Tsuku ba 5’,‘Rutgers redleaf’） were used as materials.The changes of leaf color and pigment composition in four varieties of peach were studied from May to September and the different red leaf phenomenon mechanism between early maturing peach and red leaf peach was investigated.The results indicated that：（1）The leaves of red leaf peach appeared “turing green” phenomenon in late May.The chromatic component a ＊ became from positive to negative.The leaves of early maturing peach turned to red from green after the fruits were harvested in June and the chromatic component a＊ became bigger.（2）There were 5 anthocyanins were tentatively identified,early maturing peach contained three kinds anthocyanins and red leaf peach contained four kinds anthocyanins.The main anthocyanins were cyanidin 3O glucoside （Cy3G） and cyanidin 3 rutinoside.The kind of anthocyanin did not change much but the pigment contents showed significant difference during the leaf color process.（3）The multiple linear regression analysis showed that chromatic component a ＊ of red leaf peach leaves positively correlated with the contents of Cy3G and chromatic component a ＊ of early maturing peach leaves positively correlated with cyanidin 3 rutinoside.The chromatic component a ＊ negative ly correlated with Ant/Chl.The research showed cyanidin is the material basis that the leaf showed red.Not the different kinds of anthocyanins but the content of anthocyanins that cause different red leaf phenomenon mechanism.

关 键 词：早熟桃 红叶桃 叶色 花色素苷 高效液相色谱 液质联用 

分 类 号：Q946.836[生物学—植物学]