策勒绿洲外围6种优势防护林植物对不同灌溉量的光合及水分生理响应  

Response of Photosynthetic Characteristic and Water Physiology of Six Dominant Shelter Plant Species to Different Irrigation Amounts in the Peripheral Regions of Cele Oasis

作　　者：郭自春 桂东伟[1] 曾凡江[1] 刘波[1] 李尝君[1,2,3] 赵生龙[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所/新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测试验站/中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室/中国科学院荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2014年第7期1457-1466,共10页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院西部之光项目(XBBS201105);自治区科技重大专项(201130106-1);国家自然科学基金青年基金(31100144)

摘　　要：以策勒绿洲外围6种人工栽培的优势防护林植物为研究对象,在绿洲外围设置A(0m3·m-2)、B(0.1m3·m-2)、C(0.2m3·m-2)3个不同灌水量处理实验,探讨优势防护林植物对不同灌溉量的光合以及水分生理响应特征。结果显示:(1)在不同灌溉量下6种优势防护林植物净光合速率的日变化趋势一致,均为典型的单峰型变化,除红枣以外,其它植物的净光合速率均表现为C>B>A。(2)随着灌溉量的增加,植物的蒸腾速率也在逐渐增大,灌木日蒸腾速率呈不规则的M型变化趋势。(3)除核桃外,其它植物清晨水势和正午水势均随着灌溉量的增加而增大,且均表现为B>C>A。(4)6种优势防护林植物在不同的灌溉量下的瞬时水分利用效率日进程基本上一致,且均表现为B>C>A。研究表明,从水分利用和灌溉量大小的角度来说,在防护林树种的选择中应该优先选用核桃、红枣、桑树和沙拐枣;综合考虑节水和植物生长的情况下,对红枣进行适量灌溉显然比核桃、桑树、柽柳、花棒和沙拐枣更为有效,所以红枣比其余5种植物更适于在策勒绿洲地区节水生长。Artificial cultivation experiment on the photosynthetic characteristic and water physiology of six dominant shelter plant species was carried out under different irrigation amounts[A（0 m3 · m-2）,B（0.1 m3 · m-2） andC（0.2 m3 · m-2）] in the Peripheral Regions of Cele Oasis.The results showed that：（1） Except Ziziphus jujuba,the net photosynthetic rate of others showed a similar diurnal tendency and had a single peaked pattern,and showed：C＞B＞A.（2）The transpiration rate also increased in response to irriga tion amounts,but had an irregular M change.（3）Except the Juglans regia,the predawn and midday water potential of other plants increased with the increase of irrigation amounts,and were displayed B＞C＞A.（4）Their diurnal course of instantaneous water use efficiencies were basically identical,all showed B＞C＞ A.Says from the perspectives of water use and irrigation amounts,J.regia,Z.jujuba,Morus alba,Calligonum mongolicum should be chosen as the dominant shelter plants.Z.jujuba was very suited for watersaving in Cele Oasis and is more effective to be used in the shelter plants than the rest of five plants.

关 键 词：灌溉 防护林植物 光合特性 水分生理 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]