硫酸铵焙烧与浸出提取碳素铬铁冶炼渣中有价金属  

Extraction of Valuable Metals from Smelting Slag of Carbon Ferrochrome by (NH_4)_2SO_4 Roasting and Leaching

作　　者：冯强[1,2] 崔雯雯[2] 张盈[2] 郑诗礼[2] 魏昶[1] 樊刚[1] 张懿[2] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所湿法冶金清洁生产技术国家工程实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《过程工程学报》2014年第4期573-579,共7页The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)基金资助项目(编号:2011AA060702)

摘　　要：用（NH4）2SO4焙烧分解碳素铬铁冶炼渣,提取有价金属,考察了焙烧温度、硫酸铵用量和焙烧时间对有价金属浸出率及过程相变的影响.结果表明,焙烧过程中250~435℃间失重达65.5%,主要为NH3,H2O,SO3释放及（NH4）2SO4挥发.优化的焙烧条件为（NH4）2SO4与铝镁渣质量比5：1、焙烧温度350℃,焙烧时间3.5 h.有价金属转变为其相应的硫酸金属铵盐,且与（NH4）2SO4分解产物共存;该条件下的焙烧料90℃下浸出1 h,Mg,Al,Cr,Fe的浸出率分别为92%,80%,82%,93%.推测新生成的硫酸金属铵盐的片状聚集体阻碍碳素铬铁渣内部完全被（NH4）2SO4侵蚀.The carbon ferrochrome smelting slag was roasted with （NH4）2SO4 and leached for recovery of valuable metals. The effects of roasting temperature, dosage of （NH4）2SO4 and roasting time on the leaching rate of valuable metals and phase transformation were studied. The TGA-DSC results indicated that obvious mass loss occurred between 250 and 450℃, which reached 65.5% due to the release of NH3, HaO, SO3 and volatilization of （NH4）2SO4. The optimum roasting conditions were obtained as mass ratio of （NH4）2SO4 to slag 5：1, roasting temperature 350~C and roasting time 3.5 h. In the roasting, the valuable metals were transformed into their corresponding ammonium metal sulfates, and they coexisted with the decomposed products of ammonium sulfate. When the roasted slag obtained at the optimum roasting conditions was leached for I h at 90 ＊C, the leaching rate ofMg, AI, Cr and Fe reached 92%, 80%, 82% and 93%, respectively. It was estimated that the flaky aggregate of ammonium metal sulfates should probably be the resistance preventing the reaction of the interior of carbon ferrochrome smelting slag with （NH4）2SO4.

关 键 词：碳素铬铁渣 硫酸铵 焙烧 浸出 相变 

分 类 号：TF641[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]