锯叶棕苗期叶斑病菌(Calonectria pteridis)生物学特性及其对11种杀菌剂的毒力反应  

Biological Characteristics and Screening of Fungicides of the Pathogen Fungi of Saw Palmetto Leaf Spot in the Seeding Stage

作　　者：郑丽[1] 杨威[2] 覃新导[1] 田婉莹[3] 李静[1] 谢昌平[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院广州实验站中国热带农业科学院热带能源生态研究中心,广东广州510140 [2]淮阴师范学院生命科学学院,江苏淮安223300 [3]中国热带农业科学院,海南海口571101 [4]海南大学环境与植物保护学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2014年第8期1625-1631,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目"海南省棕榈科观赏植物病害的调查及病原鉴定"(No.Rnd0524)

摘　　要：对锯叶棕苗期叶斑病病原菌（Calonectria pteridis）的生物学特性进行初步研究,结果表明：该病原菌菌丝生长适宜温度范围为28~30℃,适宜生长pH范围为5.0~6.0;分生孢子萌发最适温度为28℃,最适pH为5.5。菌丝对碳源的利用效果由高到低依次为D-木糖、D-果糖、蔗糖、D-葡萄糖、D-山梨醇、D-乳糖、D-麦芽糖和肌醇;对氮源的利用效率以草酸铵最高,明显优于其他氮源,而分生孢子的萌发受不同碳、氮源的影响较小。在室内采用菌丝生长速率法,测定11种杀菌剂对菌丝生长的抑制作用,结果表明：50%多菌灵和70%甲基托布津的EC50值最小,分别为0.486 4和2.958 9 mg/L;而80%代森锌和15%三唑酮的EC50值最大,分别为130.160 3和159.737 9 mg/L,抑菌效果最差。Biological characters of Calonectria pteridis which causes leaf spot on Saw Palmetto were determined in the study. The results indicated that the optimal temperature for mycelium growth was 28-30 ℃, and the optimal pH was 5.0-6.0. The optimal temperature for conidium germination was 28 ℃, and the optimal pH was 5.5. The order of carbon sources utilization against C. pteridis was： D-xylose, D-fructose, D-glucose, D-sorbitol, D-lactose, D-maltose and inositol, while the ammonium oxalate was the best nitrogen source for mycelium growth. But there is no significant impact of carbon source and nitrogen source on conidium germination. Inhibition activity of 11 common fungicides against C. pteridis was also detected. According to the results, the best inhibition activities were gained by 50% carbendazim and 70% thiophanate-methyl while their ECs0 values was 0.4864 and 2.958 9 mg/L, respectively. In contrast 80% zineb WP and 15% triadimefon EC was 130.160 3 and 159.737 9 rag/L, which showed the worst inhibition activities to the pathogen.

关 键 词：锯叶棕 叶斑病 生物学特性 杀菌剂筛选 

分 类 号：S436.421.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]