类球红细菌菌肥对多环芳烃污染土壤致癌风险的影响  

Effect of Rhodobacter Sphaeroides Biofertilizer on the Carcinogenic Risk of the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Contaminated Soil

作　　者：焦海华[1,2,3] 徐圣君[2] 王凯[1,2] 黄占斌[1] 白志辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [3]长治学院,山西长治046011

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第23期177-183,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家"863"计划课题"滨海湿地区石油采场及周边污染土壤修复技术研究与示范"(2013AA06A205);北京市科技计划课题"有机污染物治理工程技术示范"(D101105046410004);天津市科技支撑计划重点项目"大港油田区石油污染盐碱土壤生态恢复技术与示范"(11ZCGYSF01400)

摘　　要：为了探讨类球红细菌菌肥在去除土壤中的多环芳烃(PAHs)、减少PAHs在小麦籽粒中的累积从而降低人群对PAHs的暴露风险的效应,采用根施与喷施菌肥2种处理方式,结合常规田间管理种植小麦,以土壤中PAHs含量-植物体内积累-人体经皮肤接触与摄食吸收途径暴露于PAHs为线索,分析、评估致癌风险值的变化。结果表明:与初始土壤相比,喷施与根施菌肥的麦田土壤中总PAHs(∑PAHs)的浓度分别降低了21.1%和27.1%;土壤∑PAHs的苯并[a]芘等效浓度(∑PAHsBaPeq)分别降低了69.5%和66.2%。与对照区相比,小麦籽粒中∑PAHs浓度分别降低了45.3%和49.8%;一生致癌风险总值分别降低了6.5%、6.7%;预期寿命损失总量分别降低了65.5%、67.5%。可知,施用菌肥能加速土壤中PAHs的去除,并能减少PAHs在小麦籽粒中的积累量,从而降低人群对PAHs的暴露风险,提高PAHs污染土壤农用的安全性。This study aimed to explore the influence of Rhodobacter Sphaeroides biofertilizer on degradation of PAHs in soil, accumulation of PAHs in the wheat, and human health-risks of exposing to PAHs. The field experiments were performed by spraying the biofertilizer on leaf surface and irrigating the biofertilizer in root of wheat, with the conventional field management. The results indicated that： the concentration of total PAHs （∑PAHs）, compared with the initial soil, had decreased by 21.1%e and 27.1%e; the equivalent concentrations of benzene [a] pyrene （∑ PAHsBaPeq） of ∑ PAHs had decreased by 69.5% and 66.2% in experiment fields with spraying and irrigating of the biofertilizer, respectively. Compared with the control sample, the concentration of PAHs decreased by 45.3% and 49.8%, and the ∑PAHsBaPeq decreased by 61.1%, 62.1% in wheat grains. The total lifetime cancer risk, compared with the control, had decreased by 6.5%, 6.7%, and the total loss of life expectancy had decreased by 65.5% and 67.5% in treatment fields, respectively. Thus, the biofertilizer can improve to degradation of PAHs in soil and decrease accumulation of PAHs in wheat grains, consequently,reduce the risk of exposure of people to PAHs and increase the agricultural safety of the PAHs contaminatedsoil.

关 键 词：生物修复 类球红细菌菌肥 小麦 多环芳烃污染土壤 致癌风险 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]