江南早期的葑田  

The Floating Mat in Early Jiangnan Area

作　　者：王建革[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学,上海200433

出　　处：《青海民族研究》2014年第3期145-150,共6页Qinghai Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家重大社会科学基金项目<宋代以来长江三角洲环境变迁史研究>(批准号:09&ZD068);复旦大学丁诺尔中心项目<气候;水土环境与江南生态史(9-20世纪)>阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：江南早期有丰富的水环境。3～9世纪时期，沼泽众多，湖泊中有水生植物的积累。许多湖泊中有飘浮植毡，中文名为葑田。葑田的形成与一定程度的水质污染有关系。其主要成份为菰草，是一种浅水区的水生植物。宋时期江南大开发，浅水沼泽区被开发成圩田，菰草的积累程度大大减少。由于葑田影响到湖泊景观和水面种植，葑田也开始被人为地清理，西湖上的葑田和吴江的葑田很快消失。宋以后，葑田基本上消失。汉代到宋代的葑田，实是江南水环境的一种表象。There was a water abundant environment in early Jiangnan area. From 3-9th century, swamps were numerous and an accumulation of aquatic plants was taking place in lakes in Jiangnan area. Floating mats, that is called Fen-field in Chinese, were formed in many lakes.Floating mats formed with a certain degree of water pollution. The main plant ingredients of floating mat is Zinania latifolia , a kind of shallow water aquatic plant. In the period of Song dynasty, there was a great development in Jiangnan area, shallow water area was developed into Wei paddy field, the accumulation of Zinania latifolia was greatly reduced. Because the floating mat affected the landscape of lakes and water planting, floating mat began to be cleared. In West lake and Wujiang, floating mats quickly disappeared, and there is almost no floating mats after Song dynasty. The floating mats, was a sign of the water environment change in the development process of Jiangnan area in the period from Han dynasty to Song dynasty.

关 键 词：葑田 西湖 水环境 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学]