不同浓度O_3对黄檗幼苗叶片生理特征的影响  

Effects of different O_3 concentrations on leaf physiology of Phellodendron amurense Rupr. seedlings

作　　者：付伟[1,2] 邓莉兰[1] 徐胜 何兴元[2] 陈玮[2] 李梅[2,3] 赵诣[2] 苏丽丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学园林学院,昆明650224 [2]森林与土壤生态国家重点实验室,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [3]辽宁师范大学生命与科学学院,辽宁大连116033

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第9期2350-2356,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170573;31270518);国家科技支撑项目(2012BAC05B00)资助

摘　　要：以4年生黄檗(Phellodendron amurense Rupr.)幼苗为实验材料,利用开顶箱模拟法,开展了4个不同浓度O340(对照)、80、120和200 nmol·mol-1的气体熏蒸实验,测定并分析了黄檗叶片光合色素含量、净光合速率、膜脂质过氧化产物和抗氧化酶活性等生理指标的变化规律。结果表明:与CK相比,随着O3浓度增加和处理时间延长,黄檗幼苗叶片叶绿素总含量、类胡萝卜素含量和净光合速率显著下降(P<0.05),最大降幅分别为52.76%、44.57%和54.67%;叶片离子渗漏率、丙二醛含量显著增加(P<0.05),最大增幅分别为101.49%和70.21%。当O3浓度为80 nmol·mol-1时,叶片最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)无显著变化,而O3浓度为120和200 nmol·mol-1时,Fv/Fm显著下降(P<0.05),表明黄檗幼苗的光合系统功能在超高浓度臭氧下受到了显著伤害。叶片抗氧化超氧化物歧化酶活性在开始处理后的前14 d升高,随后下降,最大降幅为17.22%。O3浓度为120和200nmol·mol-1时,超氧阴离子(O2-·)含量显著升高(P<0.05);O3浓度为80 nmol·mol-1时,O2-·含量在处理7 d与CK相比显著增加,随后无显著差异。表明黄檗幼苗在生长初期对中等高浓度(80 nmol·mol-1)臭氧熏蒸具有一定的适应和耐受性是因其具有较强抗氧化保护能力,更高浓度的O3或更长时间的熏蒸对叶片光合系统产生破坏。Four-year-old Phellodendron amurense Rupr. seedlings were exposed to four levels （40 （CK）, 80, 120, and 200 nmol ·mol-1） of O3 in open-top champers （OTCs）. The changes in photosynthetic pigment contents, net photosynthesis rate, lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidative enzymes were periodically measured in leaves of P. amurense. The results showed that with the increasing O3 concentration and exposure time, total chlorophyll （Chl） contents, carotenoid （Car） contents and net photosynthesis rate （Pn） were significantly decreased by 52.76%, 44.57% and 54.67%, respectively （P〈0.05） ; electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde （MDA） contents were significantly increased by 10l. 49% and 70.21%, respectively （P〈0.05）. When the O2 concentration was 80 nmol ·mol-1 , the maximum photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fm ） had no significant change, while a significant decrease in Fv/Fm was observed when the O3 concentration was increased to 120 or 200 nmol ·mol-1 , showing a significant harm of photosynthetic system function by high O3 concentrations. Superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity increased at the first fourteen days exposure and then decreased by 17.22%. Compared with CK, the superoxide-anion （ O2 T ） content increased significantly （ P〈0.05 ） when the O3 concentration was 120 or 200 nmol·mol-1 , while only increased significantly in the seventh day when the O3 concentration was 80 nmol ·mol-1. It is concluded that P. amurense can tolerate moderately high concentrations of O3 for a period which is related to its anti-oxidative ability. Higher O3 concentrations or longer exposure would incur harm to the photosynthetic system of the leaves.

关 键 词：臭氧 黄檗 氧化胁迫 生理特征 

分 类 号：S792.31[农业科学—林木遗传育种]