竹林专用控释肥对毛竹地上生物量和氮利用率的影响  

Effects of controlled urea fertilizer specialized for bamboo on aboveground biomass,nitrogen use efficiency of Moso bamboo

作　　者：封焕英 范少辉 苏文会 刘广路 

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤中心,竹藤科学与技术重点实验室,北京100102

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第9期2357-2362,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD23B04);国际竹藤中心基本科矿业务专项(1632011006)资助

摘　　要：控释肥是通过调节养分的释放速率来提高肥料利用率。为探明竹林专用控释肥对毛竹地上生物量和氮利用率的影响,本研究以黄山公益林场粗放经营毛竹试验林为研究对象,以普通复混肥（CCF）和不施肥（CK）为对照处理,在毛竹生长的2个连续小年（2009年和2011年）施用竹林专用控释肥CUF-1和CUF-2,调查了Ⅰ度竹（2012年成竹）、Ⅱ度竹（2010年成竹）和Ⅲ度竹（2008年成竹）地上生物量和氮利用率。结果表明：2种竹林专用控释肥（CUF-1、CUF-2）处理的毛竹胸径、竹高、标准枝叶重以及SPAD与CCF差异不显著,但均显著高于CK;竹林专用控释肥能显著提高Ⅰ度竹和Ⅱ度竹地上生物量和氮积累量,但对Ⅲ度竹影响不大,其中Ⅰ度竹的地上生物量和氮积累量分别提高19%~61%和29%~99%,Ⅱ度竹分别提高36%~59%和55%~89%,Ⅲ度竹地上生物量和氮积累量分别小于8%和15%;CUF-1和CUF-2的氮利用率分别为69.02%和56.82%,均显著高于CCF（19.60%）,说明竹林专用控释肥能显著提高林地氮利用率。Controlled release fertilizers （CRF） have potential to increase fertilizer use efficiency of crop through regulating the nutrient release rate. According to the growth characteristics of bamboo, two controlled urea fertilizers for bamboo （CUF-1 and CUF-2） was developed with slag coated urea mixed with other nutrient elements. In this study, we assessed the aboveground biomass and nitrogen use efficiency of I du bamboo （growing into normal bamboo in 2012）, II du bamboo （growing into normal bamboo in 2010）, and III du bamboo （ growing into normal bamboo in 2008） treated with CUF-1, CUF-2, or common compound fertilizer （CCF） , and a nonfertilization （CK） treatment was also included as the control. The results showed that the bamboo DBH, height, weigh of standard branch and leaf, and SPAD all significantly increased under CUF-1 and CUF-2 treatments compared with that of CK, but were not significantly different compared with CCF. The application-of CUF-1 and CUF-2 improved the aboveground biomass and enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen of I du and ]I du, but such changes in III du were neg-ligible. The increases in biomass and nitrogen accumulation by applications of CUF-1 and CUF-2 were 19%-61% and29%-99% for I du bamboo, 36%-59% and55%-89% for II du bam-boo, and less than 8% and 15% for III du bamboo, respectively. The nitrogen use efficiencies of the treatments CUF-1 and CUF-2 were 69.02% and 56.82%, respectively, being higher than the treatment CCF （ 19.60% ）. Therefore, it is suggested that CUF could greatly improve the nitrogen use efficiency of bamboo forest land.

关 键 词：控释肥 毛竹 年龄 生物量 氮利用率 

分 类 号：S795.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]