三种泥炭藓对干旱及植物相互作用的形态响应  

Morphological responses of three Sphagnum species to drought and interspecific interaction

作　　者：葛佳丽[1] 卜兆君[1] 郑星星[1,2] 马进泽[1] 崔伟琳[1] 谷晓楠 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学泥炭沼泽研究所国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室,长春130024 [2]吉林省桦甸市第四中学,吉林桦甸132400

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第9期2363-2368,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40971036;41371103);中央高校基本科研业务基金项目(11GJHZ003)资助

摘　　要：泥炭藓是泥炭地中的优势植物,常面临干旱的威胁,并分化为藓丘种、丘间种甚至丘坡种,其形态特征如何响应种间相互作用和干旱胁迫还鲜有人知。以藓丘种大泥炭藓(Sphagnum palustre)、尖叶泥炭藓(S.capillifolium)和丘间种喙叶泥炭藓(S.fallax)为材料,在模拟湿润和干旱条件下,对人工构建的苔藓群落进行室内培养实验,分析干旱及植物相互作用对3种泥炭藓生物量生产、高增长、侧枝生产与水细胞体积百分比(HCP)的影响。结果表明:干旱对于3种泥炭藓的生物量生产、高增长、侧枝生产均有抑制效应,并促进了2个藓丘种HCP的增加;邻体抑制了藓丘种大泥炭藓的生物量生产与侧枝生产,并使藓丘种尖叶泥炭藓的HCP明显下降;在HCP性状上,干旱与邻体存在交互作用。研究表明,2类泥炭藓能够通过调整形态特征来适应干旱以及植物相互作用,藓丘种较强的耐旱能力应归因于其能通过增加HCP来提高储水能力。Sphagnum is a dominant genus in peatlands, and can differentiate into hummock species and hollow species, both of which often face the threat of drought. However, how they response to drought and interspecific interaction in morphological traits is rarely known. Under sim- ulated wet and dry conditions, we established an experiment by setting different communities with Sphagna, two hummock species Sphagnum palustre and S. capillifolium and one hollow species S. fallax, to analyze the effects of drought and interspecific interaction on biomass production, height increment, side-shoot production and leaf hyaline cell volume percentage （HCP） of Sphagna. The results showed that drought caused decreases in biomass production, height increment and side-shoot production in all three species, and increased HCP of S. palustre and S. capillifo-lium. In addition, neighborhood significantly inhibited biomass production and side-shoot production of S. palustre, and reduced HCP of S. capillifolium. Interaction between drought and neigh- borhood was found in HCP in all the three species. Our study suggests that the three Sphagnum species can adapt to drought and interspecific interaction through morphological adjustment, and the capacity of drought-tolerance of hummock species should attribute to the increase of water- holding ability by increasing HCP.

关 键 词：泥炭藓 形态变化 干旱 种间相互作用 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]