不同处理对大叶藻种子萌发和幼苗建成的影响  

Effects of different treatments on seed germination and seedling establishment of eelgrass Zostera marina L

作　　者：田璐[1] 张沛东[1] 牛淑娜[1] 张秀梅[1] 张凌宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第9期2408-2413,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30400615);山东省优秀中青年科学家奖励基金项目(BS2011HZ017);海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201405010)资助

摘　　要：实验室条件下,研究了针刺种皮、酸蚀、药物、激素、低盐、变温和低温层积等不同处理对大叶藻种子萌发和幼苗建成的影响。结果表明：经30 d萌发实验,低盐处理对大叶藻种子萌发产生了显著影响（P〈0.05）,其中盐度25处理组的种子萌发率和发芽指数分别为对照组（0.67%和0.07）的36.3倍和58.9倍,平均萌发历期降至9.3 d,且随着处理盐度的降低,种子萌发率与发芽指数逐渐增高,平均萌发历期则逐渐缩短;针刺种皮也显著促进大叶藻种子萌发,其种子萌发率和发芽指数分别为对照组的26.9倍和42.7倍,平均萌发历期降至12.6 d;而酸蚀、药物、激素、变温与低温层积等处理并未明显促进大叶藻种子的萌发。对萌发幼苗的培养显示,经30 d实验,低盐处理组幼苗建成率显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）,其中低盐10~25处理组较高,但生长状况与对照组差异不大,而针刺种皮处理组无幼苗存活。综合分析可知,低盐处理可显著促进大叶藻种子的快速萌发,适宜盐度为10~25。Seed germination and seedling establishment of eelgrass Zostera marina L. exposed to acupuncture, acid, drug, hormone, low salinity, fluctuating temperature, and low temperature stratification were studied under controlled laboratory conditions. Results showed that, after 30 d of seed germination, low salinity had a significant effect on the seed germination of Z. marina （P〈0.05）. The germination rate and germination index （GI） of seeds under the salinity of 25 were 36.3 times and 58.9 times as high as those of seeds from the control group （0.67% and 0. 07）, while the mean time-to-germinate （MTG） was lowered down to 9.3 d. Seed germination rate and GI gradually increased as salinity decreased, whereas an opposite trend was observed in MTG. In addition, acupuncture significantly promoted seed germination, as the germination rate and GI of the seeds in this treatment were 26.9 and 42.7 times as high as those of the seeds in the control group, whereas MTG was lowered down to 12.6 d. However, seed germination was not significantly affected by acid, hormone, drug, fluctuating temperature, and low-temperature stratification. By contrast, the establishment rate of seed-generated seedlings was significantly higher in the low-salinity treatments （with salinity of 10-25 ） than in the control treatment. However, no obvious difference in morphology was found between these treatments. The seed-generated seedlings in the acupuncture treatment all died at the end of the experiment （30 d）. The results indicated that low salinity could promote Z. marina seed germination, and the optimum salinity range for rapid seed germination is from 10 to 25.

关 键 词：海草 大叶藻 种子 萌发 幼苗建成 

分 类 号：Q945.3[生物学—植物学]