山西省公路绿化植被生态效益评价  

Ecological benefits of roadside greening vegetation in Shanxi Province

作　　者：王慧[1] 任建中[2] 郭晋平[1] 张芸香[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西省林业厅,太原030002

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第9期2501-2509,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目(20100311015);山西省林业厅科技支撑项目(G09-47);山西农业大学科技创新基金项目(201303);山西农业大学引进人才科研启动基金项目资助

摘　　要：以山西省公路绿化工程为对象,对现有公路绿化带结构类型及生态效益进行调查。按照不同的绿化带结构类型选择典型路段设置调查样带,在样带内设置梯度采样点和观测点,以树种组成、密度、郁闭度、疏透度、LAI等关键性林带特征因子对各生态效应的影响为依据,建立公路绿化带生态效应模型,分析公路绿化植被对SO2和NO2的净化效应、滞尘效应、降噪效应、降温效应。通过生物量计算绿化植被碳储量,分析山西省公路绿化植被的固碳释氧效应,并采用生态经济学中替代市场法,对山西省公路绿化植被的主要生态服务功能进行相应的货币化计量。结果表明:至2011年,山西省公路绿化工程建设的有效绿化面积为29194.29 hm2,碳储量总计887343.6 t,山西省主要公路绿化植被对SO2和NO2的年净化效益经济价值分别为54.3和48.7万元·a-1,公路绿化植被年滞尘效益为442.1万元·a-1,降噪效益为98.7万元·a-1,公路绿化植被的固碳效益为26271.3万元·a-1,释氧效益为7744.1万元·a-1,降温效益为21.4万元·a-1,总计山西省主要公路绿化植被生态效益经济价值为3.47亿元·a-1。To investigate the ecological services and economic benefits of roadside tree-belts in Shanxi Province, sampling points were set up in typical roadside tree-belts with varied stand structures and different distances from roads to record dispersion patterns of SO2, NO/and dust, noise attenuation and daily temperature variation. The recorded data were then analyzed accord- ing to major stand characteristics, such as species composition, stand density, canopy density, degree of porosity and LAI to construct estimation models for ecological services of roadside tree-belt. Moreover, reduction of SO2, NO2, dust and noise, carbon fixation and oxygen release of roadside greening vegetation in Sbanxi Province were estimated based on the models. The economic benefits of roadside tree-belt in terms of their ecological services were also calculated. The results showed that the effective green coverage of main highway landscaping projects in Shanxi Province was 29194.29 hm2 by 2011 with carbon storage of 887343.6 t in total. The calculated economic losses avoided by the roadside greening vegetation were about 543000, 487000, 4421000, 987000 and 214000 RMB per year in terms of SO2 reduction, NO2 reduction, dust reduction, noise reduction and temperature reduction, respectively. Furthermore, the calculated economic benefits generated 77441000 RMB benefit provided annually. per year in by roadside by these roadside greening vegetations were about 262713000 and terms of carbon fixation and oxygen release. In total, the economic greening vegetation in Shanxi Province was about 0. 347 billion RMB

关 键 词：公路绿化植被 结构类型 生态效益 山西 

分 类 号：F542[经济管理—产业经济] S731.8[农业科学—林学]