苏州市霾日细颗粒物的化学组分及来源分析  

The Analysis of Chemical Component of PM_(2.5) on Haze Formation in Suzhou City

作　　者：姚玉刚[1,2] 邹强[1,2] 陈诚[3] 张晓华[1,2] 林惠娟[4] 康晓风[5] 

机构地区：[1]苏州市环境监测中心站,江苏苏州215004 [2]江苏省环境保护空气复合污染监测重点实验室,江苏苏州215004 [3]江苏省环境监测中心,江苏南京210036 [4]苏州市气象局,江苏苏州215131 [5]中国环境监测总站,国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2014年第4期62-68,共7页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：苏州市科技支撑计划(社会发展)"苏州市区复合污染监测;评价与预警关键技术应用研究"(SS201232)

摘　　要：随着社会和经济的快速发展,灰霾现象发生有逐渐上升趋势,严重影响城市形象和群众的身心健康。2012年苏州市的霾日发生频率1—2月最高(45.0%),7—8月最低(4.8%)。通过分析霾日细颗粒物(PM2.5)的化学组分变化,有助于判别不同化学组分在不同季节霾日形成中的作用。采用基于因子分析的主成分提取方法,将9个化学组分监测资料整合为4个主成分,并逐一揭示2012年苏州市霾日条件下4个主成分的支配因子的污染物来源情况。结果表明:2012年苏州市霾日大气PM2.5中的主要化学成分按质量浓度从高到低排序依次为SO42->NO3->NH4+>OC>Na+>EC。霾日PM2.5中的污染物组分受到光化学二次反应、燃煤、机动车尾气、农作物秸秆焚烧以及海盐等来源的综合影响。With the rapid development of society and economy, the haze phenomenon shows gradually rising trend, and seriously affects city image and peoples healthy. Haze frequency of Suzhou city occurred in January-February was the highest （ 45.0%） and July-August lowest （4.8%） in 2012. To differentiate the effect of different chemical components in PM2.5 on haze formation days, water soluble components and carbon elements in PM2.5 were collected and analyzed in Suzhou city. By using principal components extraction method, nine chemicals were integrated into four principal components and the contributions of each principal component to the source of haze days were analyzed. Results showed that the main components mass concentration of PM2.5 during haze days in 2012 were as follows：SO4 2- 〉 NO3 - 〉 NH4 ＋ 〉 OC〉 Na＋ 〉EC. Chemical components in PM2.5 were mainly influenced by photochemical reaction, coal combusting, motor vehicle exhaust, crop straw burning and sea salt source.

关 键 词：苏州 灰霾形成 污染物组分 主成分分析 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]