日本水环境质量影响因素及水生态环境保护措施研究  

Research on the Influential Factors of Water Environment Quality and the Protection Measures of Water Ecological Environment in Japan

作　　者：佟新华[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学东北亚研究中心,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《现代日本经济》2014年第5期85-94,共10页Contemporary Economy OF Japan

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"图们江水环境污染及中朝共同治理研究"(14YJAGJW004);吉林省社会科学基金项目"图们江水环境污染及中朝共同治理研究"(2014B7)

摘　　要：本文考虑影响水环境质量的经济社会、产业结构、技术水平及城市规模等因素拓展IPAT模型，建立水环境质量影响因素分析模型，运用日本1970～2010年的数据分析日本后工业化时期水环境质量影响因素，研究日本水生态环境保护策略。研究表明，日本经济发展和技术进步是促进水环境质量改善的重要因素，符合环境库兹涅茨曲线的理论；工业化、城市化、农业发展以及大城市人口集中等因素是导致水环境质量恶化的主要因素；日本降低工业和农业增加值占比、发展第三产业尤其是环境保护的市场化和产业化、加大环境保护投资开发水生态环保技术以及提高全民意识等有效突破了日本水资源环境瓶颈。我国应借鉴日本先进经验，从结构减排和技术减排的视角确定适宜的水生态环境保护措施，建设水生态文明。Considering the influential factors of water environmental quality, including industrial structure, technology and water consumption structure, this paper expands the IPAT model and establishes the analysis model of the water environment quality influential factors. Using the data from 1970 to 2010, this paper analyzes influential factors of Japan＇s water environment quality in the post - industrial era. The study shows that economic development and technology improvement are the major positive factors improving the water environment quality, which is consistent with the environmental Kuznets curve theory; Industrialization, urbanization, agricultural development and population concentration in large city are the main factors that lead to the deterioration of water environmental quality ; Reducing the proportion of industrial and agricultural added value, developing the third industry, especially the marketization and industrialization of environmental protection, strengthening the environmental protection investment in the development of water ecological and environmental protection technology and improving the national consciousness have broken through the bottleneck of water resource environment in Japan. Learning from the experience in Japan, China should implement appropriate water ecological environment protection measures to reduce the emission from the angle of structure and technology, and construct the water ecological civilization.

关 键 词：日本 水环境质量 水生态环境保护 结构调整 节能减排 

分 类 号：F133.134.5[经济管理—世界经济]