长廊型高层建筑烟气组合控制模式的比较分析  

Comparative analysis of the smoke control modes in the case of the long corridor of the high-rise buildings

作　　者：张威[1] 童艳[1] 何嘉鹏[1] 周汝[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学城市建设与安全工程学院江苏省城市与工业安全重点实验室,南京210009

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第4期1-4,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学研究面上项目(11KJB620002)

摘　　要：为研究长廊型高层建筑中常用烟气组合控制模式的效果,以一幢17层的长廊型高层建筑为研究对象,设计了8种烟气组合控制模式,包括设置挡烟垂壁、机械排烟口、加压送风口及防烟空气幕,并采用计算机模拟软件FDS进行模拟分析,以得到最佳防排烟设计方案。同时,进行相关实体试验来验证模拟的正确性。结果表明,有防烟空气幕的控制模式可以很好地阻挡烟气并控制烟气的扩散,且最佳烟气控制模式是在走廊段中部设置1个排烟口及挡烟垂壁,前室门前设置防烟空气幕并在前室内设置正压送风口。研究表明,这种模式不仅可以及时排除烟气,还可以形成一个较大的缓冲区域,阻止烟气进入疏散通道,保证人员安全疏散。This paper intends to make a comparative analysis of the smoke control modes in case of a fire disaster of the long corridor of high-rise buildings. As is known, in firerevention designs for highrise buildings, the major concern is to ensure the safe evacuation of the residential occupants in the buildings and to prevent the smoke from spreading to the evacuation channels. It is for this purpose that we have chosen the topic to study the effects of common smoke control modes in long corridor of a typical 17-storeyed high-rise to find how to use traditional smoke control methods to set smoke screens, mechanical exhaust vents and the air supply vents in the corridor so as to be able to display the advantages of the methods and overcome their shortcomings. As is known, the air curtain is a relatively new approach in recent years, which can be used in front of the vestibule door to segregate smoke from the fire, but not influence the eye-sight of the evacuees, which can also provide them with a free access to the evacuation exits. In so doing, we would like to compare the air curtain with the traditional smoke control approach, by which we have attempted to set eight smoke control modes in the floor under fire, including smoke screens, mechanical exhaust vents, an air supply vent and an air curtain. To produce a more vivid effect, we have made Fire Dynamics Simulator to imitate each mode and try to gain an optimal design. We have also used the full-scale test m verify the modes and demonstrate the simulated results which can be made well fit with the experimental results at an error rate no more than 6 %. The FDS simulation results tell us that, with the same volume of the total smoke exhaust, the increase of the smoke exhaust vents from one to two may help to lower the smoke strength of all the vents. In addition, the smoke screen can be made effective to prevent the smoke spreading in the early stage so as for the appropriate amount of smoke screens to be used for the corridor smoke control. Besides, the air curtai

关 键 词：安全工程 长廊 烟气控制 缓冲区 

分 类 号：X959[环境科学与工程—安全科学]