一株高效废水除臭粪产碱菌的筛选及除臭特性研究  

Screening of a bacterium of Alcaligenes faecalis for deodorizing the landfill leachate by a new method and analysis of deodorizing characteristics

作　　者：贺琨[1] 马菲菲[1] 李南华 胡子全 赵海泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学生命科学学院,合肥230036 [2]江苏碧程环保工程有限公司,江苏宜兴214214

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第4期223-227,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家科技型中小企业技术创新项目(13C26213201955);宜兴市工业支撑计划项目

摘　　要：为了研究新型微生物除臭剂,以氨和硫化氢去除率为指标,采用驯化富集、稀释涂平板和分区划线的方法,从垃圾渗滤液中筛选出4株除臭菌。通过初筛和复筛试验获得1株除臭率最高的菌株,命名为X3。该菌株对氨和硫化氢的去除率分别为85%和82%。经过形态学观察、生理生化试验及16S rRNA基因分析,X3为粪产碱菌(Alcaligenes faecalis)。对其除臭特性进行了研究。结果表明:随生长曲线进入对数期,除臭率也呈现对数增长,在稳定期时,除臭率达到最高;上清液对氨和硫化氢的去除率分别为37%和30%,而下沉细胞对氨和硫化氢的去除率高达83%和79%,因此,该菌的主要除臭成分为活体细胞。This article is concerned about a new method to select a bacterium of Alcaligenes faecalis for deodorizing the landfill leachate and analyze its deodorizing characteristic features. In hoping to search for a new type of microbial deodorant to substitute for the traditional biological deodorant, we have tried to use a landfill leaehate from the concentrated ammonia and hydrogen sulfide to get the enrichment of the deodorant bacteria strains, which can be isolated and purified bydilution plate and streak plate. So far as we know, there exist six bacterial strains that can be isolated with the olfactory threshold method via screening, from which four bacterial strains can be deter mined potential with highly deodorant efficiency through removing am monia and hydrogen sulfide as the indexes. For the above mentioned purpose, we have chosen a strain of bacteria named X3, which en joys the highest removal rate of the ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. Comparing the removal rate of the ammonia and hydrogen sulfide through repetitive rescreening procedure, we have managed to pro mote the removal rate of the ammonia and hydrogen sulfide to 85 % and 82%, respectively. The strain X3 can be identified by way of colonization morphology, the cell morphology, a series of physiologi cal and biochemical tests, and the gene analysis of 16SrRNA, and the strain gained has been classified as Alcaligenes faecalis. The de odorizing properties of the strain Alcaligenes faecalis can be deter mined and defined through comparison between the growth curve and the deodorization rate, with two parameters being confirmed related. The results show that the deodorization rate tends to increase with the growth of the Alcaligenes faecalis. It is only when the growth curve has reached the stationary phase that it would be possible for the de~ odorant rate to reach the highest point. Therefore, to determine the effective constituent that accounts for the deodorizing, it is necessary to separate both parts, i.e. the ceils and the supernatant, and check the

关 键 词：环境工程学 粪产碱菌 除臭 除臭特性 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]