基于土地利用变化的生态系统服务价值及敏感性研究——以大庆市为例  

On the value of ecosystem service and sensitivity based on the land-use pattern change in Daqing

作　　者：董美娜[1] 杨琳[1] 粟练灵 常琳娜[3] 高丹 周嘉[1,5] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省普通高等学校地理环境遥感监测重点实验室哈尔滨师范大学,哈尔滨150025 [2]美国堪萨斯州州立大学地理系,美国曼哈顿66506 [3]哈尔滨工业大学附属中学,哈尔滨150006 [4]辽宁省实验中学辽滨分校,辽宁盘锦124000 [5]黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第4期330-333,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅项目(12531208);哈尔滨师范大学科技发展预研项目(10xyg-09)

摘　　要：大庆市是典型的资源型城市,土地利用发生急剧变化并具有特色。应用中国陆地生态系统单位面积生态服务价值和Costanza生态系统服务价值计算公式,研究了大庆市1996—2010年土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值及敏感性的影响。结果表明,湿地增加幅度最大,增加率为1.635%;未利用地面积减少最多,达2 634.34 km2。大庆市总生态价值从1996年的3 737 143万元增加到2010年的7 870692万元,15年间增加了4 133 549万元,人均生态系统服务价值增加了11 794.984元。各种土地利用方式的生态系统服务价值的敏感性指数(CS)均小于1,从大到小为湿地、牧草地、耕地、林地、未利用地,表明研究区生态系统服务总价值对生态价值系数是不敏感、缺乏弹性的。The changing pattern of the land utilization plays a decisive role in the proper maintenance of the land service ecosystem, which has become a part of science for land utilization and the land fertility maintenance based on the evaluation of the local ecosystem services. Take the land utilization situation in Daqing City for exam- ple： it is highly characteristic of the sharp change due to its typical land use purpose and its resource-based particularity. It is just for the above said land-use features of Daqing that we would like to focus our attention on the effect of the land utilization changes on the ecological service value in the urban area during the years between 1996 and 2010,by using the ＂Terrestrial Ecosystem ＆ Unit Area ＆ Ecological Service Value in China＂ （Xie Gaodi et al., 2003） and the calcula- tion formula of Costanza ecosystem service value. According to the said formula, it is convenient to divide the land use into six patterns in case of Daqing, e.g. the cultivated land, woodland, grassland, construction land, unutilized land and the wetlands. With the quick changing land use pattern of Daqing, it can be found that the increas- ingly dominant land-use types are the wetlands, woodlands, residen- tial and construction land, with the greatest increase rate being the wetland, that is, 1.635%. During the period of 1996 - 2010, whereas the unutilized land, grassland and cultivated land have been declining. The quickest reduction is the unutilized land, that is, 2 634.34 km2. The results show that the ecosystem service value of the City has increased from 37.371 billion RMB in 1996 to 78.71 billion RMB in 2010, with the net increase during these fifteen years being 41.336 billion RMB and the ecosystem service value per capita going up to 11 794.984 RMB. However, the sensitivity indexes of ecosys- tem service value of various land utilizations have all fallen to less than 1, which can be seen particularly in a descending order as fol- lows： wetlands 〉 grassland 〉 cultivate

关 键 词：环境科学技术基础学科 生态系统服务价值 土地利用变化 敏感性指数 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]