儿童家长对疫苗接种及不良反应的知识、态度、行为调查  

Investigation on the Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of Parents about Adverse Events Following immunization

作　　者：林宝妮[1] 方琼[1] 曹丽[1] 段利娜[1] 蔡琳[1] 聂绍发[2] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市福田区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518040 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2014年第4期277-279,共3页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：欧盟第七框架计划合作项目(241900)

摘　　要：目的了解儿童家长对预防接种及预防接种不良反应的知识、态度和行为状况,分析深圳泰康乙肝疫苗事件发生前后,家长对于儿童预防接种知识、态度和行为的改变,为进一步改善免疫接种工作提供科学依据。方法自行设计调查问卷,采取整群抽样的方法,对在深圳市福田区接种门诊进行预防接种的504名儿童家长进行问卷调查。结果 97.42%的家长知道孩子出生时需要接种疫苗;孩子性别不同的家长,在是否带孩子按时接种国家免疫规划疫苗方面差异有统计学意义;文化程度不同的家长,在孩子出生后是否办理预防接种证与是否带孩子按时接种国家免疫规划疫苗方面差异有统计学意义;认为预防接种有必要的家长中,85.32%的家长会主动带孩子进行预防接种。有98.21%的家长听说过深圳康泰乙肝疫苗事件,47.42%的家长认为此事件中儿童的死亡可能与疫苗有关;在此事件发生前后,对我国乙肝疫苗安全性持中立态度的家长所占比例明显增加。结论家长对儿童预防接种及不良反应的知识、态度和行为普遍较好,深圳泰康乙肝疫苗事件对家长的态度有一定的影响。Objectives To investigate the knowledge,attitude and practice（KAP）of immunization and adverse e-vents following immunization among parents and the changes of KAP of parents before and after the events of Shenzhen Taikang hepatitis B vaccine,so as to provide a scientific basis for improving vaccination planning strategy. Methods Random cluster sampling was used and 504 parents,whose children were vaccinated in the clinic in Futian district in Shenzhen,were surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire about their KAP.Results The rate of vacci-nation awareness is 97.42%.The attitude of parents with different gender of children had significantly difference in accepting the national immunization program.The attitude of parents with different level of educational status had significantly difference in accepting the national immunization program and practice to have vaccination certificate when baby was born.Among parents who agreed with the necessity of vaccination,85.32% of them could vaccinate initiatively.98.21% of parents had heard the events of Shenzhen Taikang hepatitis B vaccine,and 47.42% of par-ents thought that the deaths of children might be associated with the vaccine.Proportion of vaccine safety neutral in-creased significantly after the events of Shenzhen Taikang hepatitis B vaccine.Conclusions Parents generally have good KAP to children vaccination and adverse events.The events of Shenzhen Taikang hepatitis B vaccine have af-fected the attitude of vaccine safety among parents.

关 键 词：预防接种 不良反应 知识 态度和行为 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]