水稻穗不同粒位籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量的比较  

Comparisons of protein and its components contents in japonica rice grains at different grain positions of panicles

作　　者：陈书强[1,2] 薛菁芳[1,2] 潘国君[2] 王秋玉[3] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院博士后科研工作站,东北林业大学博士后科研流动站,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯水稻研究所,黑龙江佳木斯154026 [3]东北林业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2014年第4期698-708,共11页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B11-02YJ01、2012BAD04B01-02);黑龙江省科技攻关计划项目(GA10B102-6);黑龙江省政府博士后资助经费(LBH-Z10038)

摘　　要：为了揭示水稻穗上不同粒位籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量的差异及其分布特点。选用直立穗型和弯曲穗型水稻为材料,按照穗部位置分类进行研究。结果显示,2种水稻穗上籽粒总蛋白质及其组分含量间没有差异。一次枝梗的总蛋白质、清蛋白质、醇溶蛋白质和谷蛋白质含量低于二次枝梗,球蛋白质含量则相反;总蛋白质、球蛋白质、醇溶蛋白质和谷蛋白质含量均表现为穗上部<穗中部<穗下部,清蛋白质含量则相反。一次枝梗上先开花的第1粒位籽粒的总蛋白质、清蛋白质、谷蛋白质含量最高,其次是基部籽粒(第6、5粒位),中间开花的顶端第3、4粒位籽粒最低,最后开花的顶端第2粒位籽粒略高。上部二次枝梗上中间开花的第3粒位籽粒总蛋白质、清蛋白质、谷蛋白质含量最低;中、下部二次枝梗上先开花的顶花第1粒位籽粒最低,基部籽粒(第3粒位)居中,最后开花的顶端第2粒位籽粒最高。球蛋白质和醇溶蛋白质含量在粒位间的排列顺序没有规律性。表明水稻穗内不同粒位间籽粒的总蛋白质及其组分含量与其颖花在穗上的开花顺序有较密切联系。从空间上看,稻穗从上到下,总蛋白质、球蛋白质、醇溶蛋白质和谷蛋白质含量有逐渐升高的趋势,清蛋白质含量则有逐渐降低的趋势。（1. Postdoctoral Programme, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Postdoctoral Programme, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150086, Chi-na; 2. Jiamusi Rice Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154026,China; 3. Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China） Three rice varieties with erect panicle and three rice varieties with curved panicle were used as materials to study the differences in protein contents and its components contents in rice grains and their distri-butions. Results showed that protein contents and its components contents did not differ in two types of japonica rice. Total protein contents, albumin con-tents, prolamin contents, glutelin contents in the grains on a primary branch were lower than those on a secondary branch, but globulin contents had the op-posite trend. Total protein contents, globulin con-tents, prolamin contents, glutelin contents in the grains took the order of upper panicle part〈middle panicle〈lower panicle, but albumin content reversed. Total protein contents, albumin contents and glutelin contents were the greatest in the first grain from the top of the primary branch, followed by the sixth and fifth grains from top and the second grain from top, and the third and forth grains from top took the lowest. Total protein, albu-min and glutelin showed the lowest contents in the third grain from the top of the upper secondary branches. To-tal protein, albumin and glutelin contents in the second grain from the top of the lower secondary branches were superior to those in the third grain from top, which was likewise higher than those in the first grain from top. No rule was found in the contents of globulin and prolamin in the grains at different positions of panicle. These re-sults indicated that protein content and its components contents in different grains within a panicle were closely related to the flowering order. Spatially, total protein contents, globulin contents, prolamin contents and glute-lin contents were gr

关 键 词：粳稻 穗型 粒位 蛋白质组分 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]