反应温度对塔河常压渣油接触热裂化反应的影响  

Effect of Reaction Temperature on the Contact Thermal Cracking of Tahe Atmosphere Residue

作　　者：张书红[1] 王子军[1] 龙军[1] 汪燮卿[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2014年第4期575-580,共6页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(2012CB224801);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAE05B05)资助

摘　　要：以塔河常压渣油为原料,采用固定流化床评价装置,考察了500~630℃范围内反应温度对接触热裂化反应产物和活化能的影响。结果表明,干气、液化气和汽油馏分产率随温度升高单调增加;柴油馏分产率变化不大,当反应温度高于610℃时,才开始显著下降;≥350℃馏分产率随反应温度升高而单调递减,焦炭产率随温度的升高变化不大。塔河常压渣油热裂化生成干气的活化能Ea为108.1kJ/mol,指前因子k0为1.15×10^8 mol/（m3·s）。在干气组分中,生成甲烷的活化能Ea最小,指前因子k0最低;生成液化气的活化能高于生成干气的活化能,生成丙烯和丁烯的活化能大大高于生成丙烷和丁烷的活化能。高温（≥500℃）、短停留时间（低于6s）条件下渣油热反应的平行-顺序反应特征与低温、液相反应不同。The experiments of contact thermal cracking reaction of Tahe atmosphere residue （AR） in the temperature range of 500--630℃ were conducted in a laboratory fixed fluidized reactor. The results indicated that the yields of dry gas, liquefied gas and gasoline increased monotonically with the temperature increasing and the yield of ≥350℃ distillate decreased monotonically, and the yield of diesel had obvious changes when the reaction temperature was above 610℃, hut the yield of coke changed a little with the temperature increasing. The activation energy Ea of dry gas formation in Tahe AR contact thermal cracking was 108.1 kJ/mol and the pre-exponential factor k0 was 1.15× 10^8 mol/（m3 · s）. The activation energy of qualified gas formation was higher than that of dry gas, and the activation energy of propene and butene formation was much higher than that of propane and butane. The characteristic of parallel and sequential reaction of residue thermal cracking in the conditions of high temperature and short residence time was different from that of reaction in the conditions of low temperature and liquid phase.

关 键 词：接触热裂化 反应温度 塔河渣油 

分 类 号：TE624.31[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]