超滤膜污染以及膜前预处理技术研究进展  

A review on the ultrafitration membrane pollution and pretreatment technology

作　　者：鄢忠森 瞿芳术[1] 梁恒[1,2] 郑文禹 杜星[1] 党敏[1] 李圭白[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090 [2]城市水资源开发利用(北方)国家工程研究中心,哈尔滨150090 [3]中国市政工程东北设计研究总院,长春130021

出　　处：《膜科学与技术》2014年第4期108-114,127,共8页Membrane Science and Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"水体污染控制与治理"资助项目(2008ZX07422-005);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51138008);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助(NSRIF.2014096);城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室自主课题(HIT.2012DX07)

摘　　要：超滤是一种重要的饮用水安全保障技术,在饮用水处理工业中具有广泛应用的前景.但是膜污染会造成超滤工艺的运行维护成本增加、膜使用寿命缩短,限制超滤工艺的进一步推广应用.总结了超滤膜污染和膜前预处理以缓解膜污染研究的前沿动态,对主要膜污染物质、膜污染机理以及膜前预处理对膜污染的影响机制进行了深入的分析,认为天然水中亲水性大分子有机物是主要的膜污染物质,而混凝、吸附和预氧化等膜前预处理都无法消除亲水性大分子有机物引起的膜污染.引起滤饼层污染、膜孔堵塞污染和膜孔内吸附污染等膜污染形式的力学因素研究将是膜污染机制研究的重要方向;开展膜前预处理技术和组合研究,强化亲水性大分子有机物膜污染的缓解是膜前预处理研究的发展趋势.Ultrafiltration as an important water treatment technology has been broadly applied in the drinking water treatment industry.However,the membrane fouling would enlarge the operation cost and shorten membrane life span,limiting its further application.This paper summarized the recent progress in the studies on the ultrafiltration membrane fouling including main foulants identification,fouling mechanism and various pretreatment technologies.It was widely considered that the hydrophilic macromolecular organic in natural water was the major membrane pollutant.The pretreatment technologies such as coagulation,adsorption and membrane pre-oxidation pretreatment were unable to solve the problem of membrane fouling caused by hydrophilic organic macromolecules.The understanding of internal mechanism leading to the pore blocking,pore construction and cake layer fouling was limited and require further studies.Overall,it is of great significance to develop the hybrid process on pre-treatment of fouling by the hydrophilic and macromolecular organic matter for drinking water treatment using ultrafiltration.

关 键 词：超滤 膜污染 膜前预处理 饮用水安全保障 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程] TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]