毛竹浸提液对苦槠幼苗生长的化感效应  

Allelopathic effects of Phyllostachys edulis extracts on Castanopsis sclerophylla

作　　者：陈娟[1] 白尚斌[1] 周国模[2] 王懿祥[2] 梁倩倩[1] 程艳艳[1] 沈蕊[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院,临安311300 [2]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,临安311300

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第16期4499-4507,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170594);浙江省大学生科技创新(新苗人才)项目(2012R412041);浙江农林大学科研发展基金项目(2009FR060)

摘　　要：为探讨毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)扩张过程中潜在的化感作用,选择苦槠(Castanopsis sclerophylla(Lindl)Schott)为研究对象。采用水浸提的方法,用毛竹茎叶、枯落物和土壤3部分浸提液浇灌苦槠幼苗,以蒸馏水处理作为对照,对比分析质量浓度分别为0.1、0.05、0.02 g/mL的3个浓度梯度浸提液处理下苦槠幼苗生长指标及各项光合生理指标的差异。结果表明,毛竹浸提液对苦槠幼苗苗高、地径和叶绿素相对含量的影响大体上呈现高浓度抑制低浓度促进的双重浓度效应。不同来源毛竹浸提液的化感效应不尽相同,土壤浸提液对苦槠幼苗生长和光合生理均呈现抑制作用,而茎叶、枯落物浸提液低浓度时为促进作用。毛竹潜在的化感作用,在其扩张过程中可能会干扰森林主要树种更新,从而对森林群落产生威胁。Interspecific competition is often cited as one of the main reasons for the successful expansion of plant species, and it can result in irreversible homogenization of plant communities. Allelopathy is a special type of interference competition. There have been relatively few studies on allelopathy, especially in woody species, even though allelopathy is increasingly regarded as a mechanism underlying the expansion of various plant species. Its importance in the structure of plant communities has been demonstrated by the fact that some allelopathic plants form monocuhures in previously diverse communities. Allelopathic plants produce toxic compounds that give them an advantage over competitors. These compounds known as allelochemicals, include a wide range of phenolic acids such as benzoic and cinnamic acids, alkaloids, an d terpenoids. They are released into the environment in appreciable quantities via root exudates and leaf leachates, and via degradation of roots and other plant tissues. These substances can modify many processes in plant growth and development,including germination, early seedling growth, biomass accumulation, respiration, and photosynthesis, leading to the failure of competing species to grow and regenerate. Therefore, allelopathy is thought to be an important mechanism in the expansion of plant communities. Phyllostachys edulis （Poaceae） is a popular and useful plant indigenous to China. Its shoots and culms are harvested as a food source, but it is also an important biomass resource. Plantations of Ph. edulis have expanded rapidly in southern China. Recently, this species has come to be regarded as a weed; with its robust growth and strong rhizomes, it is capable of dominating some forest stands by displacing other native forest species. Thus, it is a threat to biodiversity when it spreads from plantations into neighboring evergreen broad-leaved forests. However, there is little information about the allelopathic effects of this species on the regeneration of the main tree species in ne

关 键 词：毛竹 浸提液 光合生理 化感作用 苦槠幼苗 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]