道路对林地景观连接度的影响——以巩义市为例  

Impacts of roads on woodland landscape connectivity: a case study of Gongyi City,Henan Province

作　　者：梁国付[1,2] 许立民[2] 丁圣彦[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]教育部黄河中下游数字地理技术重点实验室,开封475004 [2]河南大学环境与规划学院,开封475004

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第16期4775-4784,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41071118)

摘　　要：基于景观连接度原理,借用景观连接度指数,在地理信息系统支持下,探讨了巩义市山区林地景观在不同距离阈值下连接度的变化,定量分析了道路对林地景观连接度的影响。结果显示,随着景观距离阈值的增大,无论是否有道路,林地景观整体可能连通性指数值都表现为逐渐增大;对林地景观连接度起"非常高"和"高"作用的林地斑块数量都比较少,但占林地总面积比例较大,面积大的林地斑块在提高景观连接度中起的作用较大;道路的分割使得林地斑块重要值降低,就单一斑块而言,随着景观距离阈值的增大,分割成的小斑块的重要值降低程度在逐渐减小。Landscape connectivity, defined as the degree to which the landscape facilitates or impedes the movement of organisms or ecological processes among patches, has been widely recognized as one of the key objectives in studies of forest landscape management, ecological conservation and construction. The dispersal ability of organisms across changing landscapes is critical for long-term biodiversity conservation, and successful dispersal of organisms always depends on the landscape connectivity. The landscape fragmentation caused by roads has significant effects on the landscape pattern and ecological processes, such as the migration of species and biodiversity maintenance in different ecosystems of landscape This paper aims to analyse the road impact on forest landscape connectivity in mountain area of Gongyi City, Henan Province, China. The landscape connectivity is evaluated based on a graph-theory framework, in which a graph represents a landscape as a set of nodes （ habitat patches） connected to some the graph structure and the habitat availability metrics provide degree by edges that join pairs of nodes functionally. Both significant improvements for analyzing landscape connectivity and decision making in conservation planning of different ecosystems or landscapes. The geographic data sets for the study area, such as DEM, landuse, soil, vegetation and hydrology, were collected and managed in GIS. Two connectivity indicators, the probability index of connectivity （PC） and the importance value （Percentage of the variation in PC, dPCk ）, were calculated. Considering the dispersal distances for different organisms, we examined the variation of lan connectivity of the woodland in the low and middle mountainous areas according to five distance thresholds： 0.5 km, 1 km, 2.5 km, 5 km, and 10 km. The importance values of the woodland patches were calculated in the scenarios with roads and without roads in different dispersal distances. In addition, the impact of roads on the landscape connectivity of five

关 键 词：景观连接度 距离阈值 可能连通性指数值 巩义市 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]