粒子冲击钻井技术理论与现场试验  

A theoretical study and field test of the particle impact drilling technology

作　　者：赵健[1] 韩烈祥 徐依吉[1] 靳纪军[1] 刘芬[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学石油工程学院 [2]中国石油川庆钻探工程公司钻采工程技术研究院 [3]中国石化胜利油田分公司孤岛采油厂

出　　处：《天然气工业》2014年第8期102-107,共6页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"煤层气水平井;多分支水平井钻井技术研究"(编号:2011ZX05036-002);中国石油"十二五"重大科技专项"钻井新技术新方法研究"(编号:2011A-4201);山东省自然科学基金重点项目"粒子冲击钻井技术理论与关键技术"(编号:ZR2010EZ004)

摘　　要：粒子冲击钻井技术作为高效破岩的前沿技术,有望成为一项解决高研磨性地层钻井速度慢的新型破岩技术,先导性试验评价是理论研究成果进入工业化应用阶段之前不可或缺的重要环节.为此,开展了粒子射流冲击破碎大理岩的室内实验,在粒子射流速度大于100m/s,冲击频率约为500万次/min的实验条件下,粒子射流的破岩体积是水射流破岩体积的3～4倍.进而设计了粒子钻井的工艺流程,研制出与之配套的粒子注入系统、粒子冲击钻头及粒子回收系统,其中关键设备高压粒子罐工作压力为30MPa,磁选机的处理量介于70～120 m3/h,渣浆泵排量为65 m3/h,满足了粒子钻进的安全均匀注入与粒子高效的回收.在四川盆地龙岗气田022 H7井的上三叠统须家河组高研磨性的砂岩地层中成功地开展了第1次现场试验,试验井段比该井上部井段的机械钻速提高了92.7％,表明该技术在提高钻井速度方面具有广阔的应用前景.The advanced particle impact drilling （PID） technology is expected to become a new rock breaking technology to enhance the rate of penetration （ROP） in high abrasive strata. Pilot test evaluation is very important for putting the theoretical result into in- dustrial application. For this purpose, we carried out a series of laboratory experiments for particle jet impacting and breaking mar- bles with a particle jet velocity of 100 m/s and a breaking frequency of about 5 million times per minute. The results showed that the rock breaking volume by a particle jet is 3 to 4 times that by a water jet under the identical conditions. On this basis, we designed the PID technical process and developed the ancillary facilities, including a particle injection system, an impacting hit, and a particle re cycle system. The key devices of this technology include a high-pressure particle storage tank with a working pressure of 30 MPa, a magnetic separator with a handling capacity of 70 - 120 m3/h, and a slurry pump with a delivery capacity of 65 ma/h. With those de vices, particles can be safely injected and recycled efficiently in the drilling process. The new designed system was successfully ap- plied in a field test in the high abrasive sandstone beds in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Fm in Well LG 022-H7 in the Sichuan Basin, in which the ROP was increased by 92.7% at test interval compared with the upper intervals, enhancing the ROP greatly in a drilling process.

关 键 词：硬地层 破岩模拟 室内实验 结构设计 现场试验 加长喷嘴 磁选机 粒子冲击 钻头 

分 类 号：TE242.9[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]