秸秆与氮肥配施对小麦产量及氮素吸收利用的影响  

Effect of Combined Use of Straw and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Wheat Yield and Nitrogen Utilization

作　　者：董亮[1] 孙泽强[1] 王学君[1] 郑东峰[1] 董晓霞[1] 郭洪海[1] 刘兆辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业部黄淮海平原农业环境重点实验室/农业部山东省耕地保育科学试验观测站,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2014年第8期78-80,共3页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD14B07);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903001);山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金(BS2011NY017);国家自然科学基金(51209130);国家农业科技成果转化资金项目(2012GB2C600245)

摘　　要：通过田间试验,研究了玉米秸秆与氮肥混合基施对小麦产量、千粒重、氮素吸收利用率及氮素效益的影响。结果表明,氮肥基追比6∶4处理的小麦千粒重最高,为39.4 g,小麦产量以氮肥基追比7∶3处理最高,其次为氮肥基追比6∶4处理,且两处理间差异不显著;从氮素吸收利用率及氮素效益来看,氮肥基追比6∶4处理值均为最高。本试验条件下,氮肥基追比6∶4处理为最佳处理,其次为氮肥基追比7∶3处理,秸秆还田条件下适宜增加前期氮肥投入有利于小麦生长及提高肥料利用效率。The effect of combined use of straw and nitrogen fertilizer on wheat yield , thousand-kernel weight, nitrogen use rate and nitrogen benefit were studied by field experiments .The results indicated that the thousand-kernel weight was the highest as 39 .4 g when treated with nitrogen at the ratio of basal to dressing as 6∶4.The yield was the highest when treated by nitrogen at the ratio of basal to dressing as 7∶3, and then the one at the ratio of 6∶4 , but there were no significant differences between them .The nitrogen use rate and nitrogen benefit were the highest when treated by nitrogen at the ratio of basal to dressing as 6∶4 .So under the test conditions , the best treatment was nitrogen at the ratio of basal to dressing as 6∶4 combined with full corn straw returning , followed by the treatment with nitrogen at the ratio of 7∶3 .Under the condition of straw retur-ning, optimally increasing nitrogen amount at earlier stage could promote wheat growth and improve nitrogen u -tilization.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 小麦 产量 氮素吸收利用率 

分 类 号：S512.106.2[农业科学—作物学]