超稠油井抽油杆滞后分析与软件设计  

Hysteresis Analysis of Sucker Rod in Super-heavy Oil Well and Software Design

作　　者：付强[1] 吕瑞典[1] 陈奇[2] 于春雨[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院 [2]河南油田分公司新疆勘探开发中心

出　　处：《石油机械》2014年第9期85-88,共4页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：河南油田分公司新疆勘探开发中心科研项目"春光油田利用变频节能技术提高油井时率"(G0504_10_QT_003)

摘　　要：超稠油井开采时,抽油杆下行阻力较大,开采后期会出现抽油杆滞后问题。为此,分析了抽油杆滞后的影响因素,设计了指导稠油井正常开采的软件。用户可根据软件计算出的降黏成本选择合理的降黏方式,甚至改变井下杆管泵的组合和作业位置,结合其效益分析与评价实现优化设计,获得优化结果后可选择进一步优化,数次回馈后软件可获得抽油机的最佳工作方式。春光油田的应用结果表明,用该软件优化后的采油工况更加稳定,能迅速解决抽油杆滞后问题,电加热与改变冲次相配合可让抽油杆滞后时油管中的死油迅速排空,排空后利用软件进行产量的回馈分析,改变抽油机冲次可实现效益最大化,不仅有利于节能增产,而且稠油井因抽油杆滞后而造成的检泵次数明显减少,现场高频故障井油井时率提高5.2%。In super-heavy oil well production, the sucker rod will encounter hysteresis in late production stage because of the great resistance for downward sucker rod. To address the issue, the influence factors are analyzed and a software guiding the normal production of heavy oil wells is developed. Users can select reasonable process to reduce viscosity according to the relevant cost calculated by the software, or by changing the combination of sucker rod, tubing and pump or the pumping depth. After the results of optimum design through performance analysis and evaluation are obtained, further optimization can be made to get the optimum working manner of pumping unit by several feedbacks of software. Application results in Chunguang field show that the production conditions optimized by the software are more stable and the sucker rod hysteresis is addressed rapidly. The combination of electric heating and changing of frequency of stroke can quickly empty the dead oil in the tubing during sucker rod hysteresis. The feedback analysis by the software indicate that changing the frequency of pumping could maximize the benefits, which is beneficial for energy conservation and can significantly reduce the times of pump inspection caused by sucker rod hysteresis, resulting in a 5.2% increase in well time rate of high fault rate wells.

关 键 词：超稠油井 抽油杆滞后 软件设计 降黏 回馈 电加热 冲次 

分 类 号：TE345[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]