额济纳绿洲荒漠化过程中植物群落生态学特性研究  

Ecological characteristics of plant community in Ejina oasis during the desertification process

作　　者：李小琴[1,2] 张小由[1] 高冠龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100039

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2014年第8期66-70,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271037);中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室(90Y290F41);国家科技计划课题(2012BAD16B00)资助

摘　　要：以28块植物群落调查样地实测资料为基础,用生物统计学方法对额济纳荒漠河岸林植物群落物种组成、重要值、生活型和物种多样性等生态学特性进行了研究。结果表明:样地内共有高等植物19种,分属9科15属,以豆科(Fabaceae)和柽柳科(Tamaricaceae)为主;生活型以乔木和灌木/半灌木为主,多年生草本也是其重要组成部分;叶片特征突出,小叶、微叶和鳞叶占89%,研究区内无大叶或巨叶植物。植物生活型与4种生物多样性指数的关系都表现为"草本>灌木>乔木";样地荒漠化程度和土壤含水量均与生物多样性指数之间没有很好的相关性。以上研究结果可为今后相关研究提供一定的借鉴和参考。On the basis of the measured data of the 28 vegetation sample plots, we studied the ecological characteristics of plant community of desert riparian forest in Ejina Oasis using biostatistician methods. The results indicated that： there are 19 higher plant species in the studied area, which belongs to 9 families and 15 genera. Fabaceae and Tamaricaceae are the two main families, Arbor and shrub/subshrub are the two prime life forms. Microphyll, leptophyll and scale leaf consists of 89% of all the leaf types. There are no macrophyll or megaphyll leaf type in research area. The 4 species diversity indices （ Rm, H,D, J） of herb layer are the highest, and those in arbor are the lowest. However, the correlations between species diversity indices and the degree of desertification and soil water content of the plots are not well. The study can provide some reference for future studies.

关 键 词：额济纳绿洲 荒漠化过程 群落组成 物种多样性 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]