三结太阳电池在非均匀光照下光斑强度和覆盖比率的优化研究  

Optimization of light spot intensity and coverage to a triple-junction solar cell under non-uniform illumination

作　　者：梁齐兵[1] 舒碧芬[1] 孙丽娟[1] 张奇淄 陈明彪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学工学院太阳能系统研究所,广州510006

出　　处：《物理学报》2014年第16期450-456,共7页Acta Physica Sinica

摘　　要：高倍聚光光伏组件通常采用光电转化效率较高的三结太阳电池.由于聚光器件的非理想性,电池承受的光照分布通常是高度非均匀的,在光伏组件中可通过适当增大光斑与电池面积的比率来降低光照非均匀性对电池电学性能的影响.通过对某一特定三结电池进行电路网络建模计算,分析光斑的强度分布和照射面积对电池的影响,并对比了四种设计方案(均匀光照、非均匀光照、电池效率最大、组件效率最大)下的光斑强度、光斑大小、电池效率以及电池温度分布.对比分析结果表明,组件达到效率最大时的电池效率并不是电池在标准测试条件下的最大效率,而使电池工作在效率最大值的设计方案中组件效率最低.组件效率最大方案中使用的聚光器透镜面积较小,因此该方案将导致组件成本增大.电池效率最大方案中使用的聚光器透镜面积较大并且电池温度最低,故该方案组件成本较低且可靠性较高.这表明在实际组件设计中应充分考虑对发电量的实际需求,选择合适的几何聚光倍数和光斑覆盖电池的比率.The cells in high concentrated photovoltaic module are usually high efficiency triple-junction solar cells. Due to the non-ideal concentrators, the light intensity distribution on a solar cell is highly non-uniform, so the appropriate increase of the ratio between light spot size and cell area is a method to reduce the influence of non-uniform illumination on the electrical performance of the solar cell. The circuit network model is used to calculate the influences of light spot intensity distribution and size on a triple-junction solar cell. The light spot intensities and sizes, the cell efficiencies, and the temperature distributions of the cell under four design schemes （uniform illumination, non-uniform illumination, maximum cell efficiency, and maximum module efficiency） are compared. The results show that the cell efficiency in the maximum module efficiency design is not the maximum cell efficiency under the standard testing condition. The design to make the cell achieve the maximum efficiency obtains the minimum module efficiency. The design to achieve maximum module efficiency has a smaller size of concentrator, so the cost of the module goes up. The design to achieve the maximum cell efficiency has a bigger size of concentrator and a lowest cell temperature, so the cost of the module will reduce and the reliability will improve. Above all, the requirement of electricity quantity should be fully considered in the module design, in which an appropriate geometric concentration ratio and light spot coverage to solar cells should be chosen.

关 键 词：聚光光伏 三结太阳电池 非均匀光照 

分 类 号：TM914.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]