三峡水库运行对长江干流磷传输的影响及对策  

Impacts of Three Gorges Reservoir operation on phosphorus transportation in mainstream of Yangtze River and countermeasures

作　　者：曹慧群[1] 李青云[1] 陈野[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江科学院流域水环境研究所,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《人民长江》2014年第15期14-17,共4页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51109010);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务项目(CKSF2013015/SH);水利部公益性行业专项经费项目(201401020);中国清洁发展机制基金赠款项目(2012044)

摘　　要：三峡水库运行后,下泄泥沙量减少明显,对下游营养物质的连续传输产生影响。通过实验模拟了天然河流水沙条件下悬浮泥沙对磷的吸附过程,并利用Langmuir吸附公式对颗粒磷浓度与含沙量和溶解磷浓度的关系进行拟合。结果表明,泥沙对磷的吸附量与温度成正相关性、与粒径呈负相关性;三峡工程运行后近10a,长江中下游输沙量和颗粒磷通量减少幅度达到90%;预测未来20 a长江中下游颗粒磷通量仍远低于建库前水平。针对三峡水库拦截泥沙和营养物质的问题,提出了三峡坝前挖沙坝后投沙的水沙调控新思路。Since the operation of Three Gorges Project, the releasing sediment has reduced obviously, which has influenced the continuous transport of nutrients in the lower reaches. The adsorption process of phosphorus by suspended sediment under the nat- ural flow and sediment condition was simulated through experiment, and the relationship of particulate phosphorus concentration and sediment concentration and dissolved phosphorus concentration was fitted by Langmuir formula, The results show that the phosphorus adsorbed by sediment is positively correlated with temperature, and negatively correlated with particle size. Both sedi- ment discharge and particulate phosphorus flux in the mid - lower Yangtze River has decreased by 90% for nearly 10 years since the operation of Three Gorges Project. It is predicted that the particulate phosphorus flux is still far below the previous level in the next 20 years. In view of the interception of sediment and nutrients by Three Gorges Reservoir, an innovative thought of regulating the flow and sediment, namely, dredging the sediment at upstream of the dam and releasing them at downstream of the dam, is proposed.

关 键 词：悬浮泥沙 颗粒磷 水沙调控 三峡水库 

分 类 号：TV697.25[水利工程—水利水电工程]