高温催芽时间对荔枝种子活力的影响  

Effect of high-temperature germination time on litchi seed vigor

作　　者：付丹文 吴洁芳 王丽敏 陈洁珍 蔡长河 张春阳 欧良喜 

机构地区：[1]广东省农科院果树研究所/农业部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2014年第16期33-36,F0002,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家荔枝产业技术体系资源评价科学家岗位项目(nycytx-32);农业部农作物种质资源保护项目(NB2013-2130135-13);农业部热带作物种质资源保护项目(13RZZY-05)

摘　　要：研究了2-7-6荔枝种子在40℃催芽1～8 d后常温催芽40 d的发芽率、发芽势、种子活力指数、相对胚根长与长出胚芽天数,对照为室温条件下催芽.结果表明,40℃高温催芽4d对荔枝种子的发芽率没有影响,超过4d种子的发芽率降低,种子的发芽势随着高温催芽时间的延长呈现下降趋势;荔枝种子可耐40℃高温的临界时间为2d,超过2d种子的活力指数与相对胚根长迅速下降;高温催芽1～2 d对荔枝种子胚根生长抑制效果较小,当高温催芽时间大于4d时胚根几乎停止生长;40℃高温催芽1～2 d会推迟荔枝种子胚芽长出的时间,但能提高胚芽长出的整齐度,40℃高温催芽超过2d种子长出胚芽的整齐度开始降低,随着高温催芽时间的延长,荔枝种子长出胚芽的时间延后,整齐度也有一定程度的下降.The article studied the germination rate, germination energy, seed vigor index, relative radicle length and budding days of 2-7-6 litchi under the condition of 40℃ to germinate 1 -8 d and stored at room temperature for 40 days, while CK was under the room temperature with storage. The results showed that litchi seed germination percentage was not affected by 40℃ germination for 4 d, germination rate would reduce in 40℃ germination for more than 4 d, germination energy of litchi decreased with germination time going on. The critical time of litchi seeds resistant to temperature of 40℃ was 2 d, after 2 d, the activity index and relative radicle length of seeds decreased rapidly. High temperature germination for 1 -2 d had smaller inhibition effect on the growth of radicle, radicle almost stopped growing when germination time was more than 4 d in high temperature. The high temperature of 40℃ germination for 1 -2 d would delay the germ emergence, but it could improve the germ uniformity. Germ uniformity decreased with the germination time for more than 1-2 d in high temperature of 40℃. The litchi germ emergence delayed and uniformity declined with the increase of germination time.

关 键 词：高温 催芽时间 荔枝 种子活力 

分 类 号：S667.104.1[农业科学—果树学]