膜下滴灌在辽西半干旱区不同地形条件下的应用研究  

Research on Application of Mulch-drip Irrigation under Different Landform Condition in Semi-arid Area of West Liaoning

作　　者：窦超银[1] 孟维忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省水利水电科学研究院,辽宁沈阳110003

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2014年第8期19-21,28,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：水利部科技推广计划项目(TG1203):辽西北地区农业节水丰产与抗旱减灾实用技术推广项目;农业攻关计划项目(2013212001);节水滴灌关键技术研究与示范项目

摘　　要：为探求膜下滴灌在辽宁半干旱地区的应用效果,分别在平地和坡耕地进行滴灌和管灌灌溉的对比试验,分析了不同灌溉方式对玉米生长、产量和水分生产效率的影响。结果表明,滴灌条件下灌水量大幅减少,并有利于玉米植株生长,株高、茎粗和LAI均高于管灌;穗长、穗粗、穗行数、穗粒数和百粒重等产量构成受灌溉方式影响较小,但在各因素综合作用下,滴灌显著提高了产量和WUE,平地和坡耕地分别增产15.6%和11.1%,WUE分别提高了55.9%和49.8%。因此,膜下滴灌技术是适宜在辽西半干旱地区大力发展的高效节水灌溉技术。In order to know the effects of mulch-drip irrigation in semi-arid area of west Liaoning province, comparative field experi- ments of mulch-drip irrigation and low pressure pipe irrigation were conducted on the plain and slope field, and the effects of different irrigation method on the growth, yield and WUE of maize were analyzed. The results showed that irrigation water amount decreased apparently under drip irrigation condition, while stem length, stem diameter and LAI increased; ear length, ear diameter, kernel rows, kernel numbers per row and hundred-grain weight changed little between the two irrigation method, however, the yield and WUE increased significantly under the comprehensive action of all the factors. Compared to that irrigated by low pressure pipe, the maize yield in the plain and slope cropland under drip irrigation increased 15.6% and 11.1%, respectively, while the WUE increased 55.9% and 49.8%, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that mulch-drip irrigation is a suitable irrigation method to widely spread in semi-arid area of west Liaoning.

关 键 词：膜下滴灌 产量 水分生产效率 玉米 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]