三江平原夏末晴天孤立沼泽与农田温湿度对比  

Comparison of Air Temperature and Relative Humidity between Isolated Marsh and Farmland in Sanjiang Plain during A Clear Day in Late Summer

作　　者：刘吉平[1] 于佳[1] 赵亮[1] 田学智[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学旅游与地理科学学院,吉林四平136000

出　　处：《湿地科学》2014年第4期499-503,共5页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071037);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-12);吉林省科技厅项目(20130101097JC);吉林省教育厅项目(吉教科合字2013第201号);吉林师范大学研究生创新科研计划项目(2013036)资助

摘　　要：受湿地景观破碎化的影响,孤立沼泽成为三江平原沼泽湿地的主要类型之一。以三江平原抚远县大豆田中孤立沼泽为研究对象,观测孤立沼泽及其周边农田的0 cm地温、5 cm土温、10 cm土温、1.5 m气温和1.5 m相对湿度,观测从2012年8月31日10︰00开始,至9月1日8︰00结束,每2小时观测一次,对比分析夏末晴天孤立沼泽与农田温湿度的差异,探讨孤立沼泽的局地小气候效应。研究结果表明,孤立沼泽的日平均0 cm地温、5 cm土温、10 cm土温和1.5 m相对湿度都低于周边农田,而日平均1.5 m气温高于周边农田;除0 cm地温外,孤立沼泽5 cm土温、10 cm土温、1.5 m气温和1.5 m相对湿度的日较差都低于周边农田;各气象要素的日变化曲线为单峰曲线,但极值出现的时间不同,孤立湿地5 cm土温和10 cm土温的极值出现时间比周边农田晚2-4 h,孤立湿地0 cm地温、1.5 m气温和1.5 m相对湿度的极值出现时间与周边农田相同,0 cm地温最高值和最低值分别出现在12︰00和2︰00,1.5 m最高和最低气温分别出现在14︰00和2︰00,1.5 m最高和最低相对湿度分别出现在18︰00和14︰00。Isolated marsh is affected under the influence of wetland landscape fragmentation, and has become one of the main types of the wetlands in Sanjiang Plain. In the paper, the isolated marsh in soybean field was as the study area in Fuyuan County in Sanjiang Plain. Starting from 10 ： 00 on August 31, 2012, and ending at 8 ： 00 on September 1, 2012, surface ground temperature, soil temperatures at depths of 5 cm and 10 cm, and air temperature and relative humidity at heights of 1.5 m were measured every two hours. To compare air tem- perature and humidity between isolated marsh and farmland during a clear day in late summer and explore the microclimate effect of isolated marsh. The results showed that daily mean surface ground temperature, soil temperatures at depths of 5 cm and 10 cm and relative humidity at height of 1.5 m were lower than those of surrounding farmland, but the daily mean of air temperature at height of 1.5 m was higher than that of sur- rounding farmland; the daily range of soil temperatures.at depths of 5 cm and 10 cm, and air temperature and relative humidity at height of 1.5 m in isolated marsh were all lower than those of surrounding farmland. The daily change curves of various meteorological elements showed a single peak as a whole, but the extreme val- ues occurred at different times. The maximum of soil temperatures at depths of 5 cm and 10 cm in isolated marsh occurred 2-4 hours later than those of surrounding farmland, and surface ground temperature, air temperature and relative humidity at heights of 1.5 m appeared at the same time with those of surrounding farmland. The maximum and minimum surface ground temperature appeared at 12 ： 00 and 2 ： 00, air temperature at heights of 1.5 m appeared at 14 ： 00 and 2 ： 00, relative humidity at heights of 1.5 m appeared at 18 ： 00 and 14 ： 00 respectively.

关 键 词：孤立沼泽 大豆田 土温 气温 相对湿度 日变化 三江平原 

分 类 号：S152.8[农业科学—土壤学]