红树林植物生物量研究进展  

Progress in Researches on Plant Biomass of Mangrove Forests

作　　者：朱远辉[1] 柳林[1,2] 刘凯[1] 王树功[3] 艾彬[4] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院综合地理信息研究中心,广东广州510275 [2]Department of Geography,University of Cincinnati,Cincinnati,OH 45221-0131,USA [3]中山大学科技发展研究院,广东广州510275 [4]中山大学海洋学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《湿地科学》2014年第4期515-526,共12页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41001291);广东省科技计划项目(2010B030800003);中山大学高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(13lg-py61);广东省教育厅育苗工程项目(LYM11002)资助

摘　　要：红树林生长于热带、亚热带地区典型的生态交错带,其植物群落具有很高的生物量。根据国内外相关研究,综述了红树林植物地上、地下生物量研究成果及其相关的研究方法,并探讨了不同纬度红树林植物生物量的分布规律及其影响因素。结果表明,相关研究主要集中在运用异速生长法研究红树林植物地上部分生物量,该方法适用于不同红树林树种,可推广使用至相似生境的同一红树林树种;红树林植物根系生物量研究较少,且根系提取手段和处理技术差异较大,导致研究成果对比参考性不高,还有待进一步完善;区域红树林植物生物量遥感估算逐渐成为研究热点,但遥感估算模型仅仅依靠遥感图像的光谱特征和后向散射特征等信息,对宽波段植被指数容易饱和、不同的红树林树种光谱差异较大等问题缺乏考虑,在建模过程中忽略了植物的叶面积指数和树龄等,高光谱、高分辨率影像数据及多极化雷达数据将成为未来红树林植物生物量估算研究的重要数据源;随着纬度的增加,热带和亚热带地区红树林植物生物量总体在减少;红树林植物生物量主要受生境、树种、树龄和气候等因素的影响。As one of the most important type of natural wetlands, mangrove ecosystems mainly distribute in the intertidal zone of tropical and subtropical regions. Mangrove forests provide important ecological and societal benefits; including protecting the coastal zone and purifying air and water. Accurate estimation of biomass of mangrove forests is critical in assessing such benefits. To better protect and utilize mangrove ecosystems, it is necessary to understand the functions and production mechanism of mangrove forests. This paper systematically summarizes literature on estimation of the aboveground and belowground biomass, the spatial distribution and influencing factors of mangrove forests. Major findings are allometric equations are the most popular methodology for estimating aboveground biomass of mangrove ecosystems, they are based on the correlation between the trunk diameter at breast height （DBH, i.e., 1.3 m） and the height of the tree, they are applicable not only for multi-stemmed trees but also for shrubs such as mangrove trees; mangrove forests possess higher belowground biomass compared to the terrestrial trees. However, the few relevant studies have paid attention to belowground biomass of mangrove ecosystems, perhaps because of the difficulty in collecting roots. A few researchers have applied allometric equations to estimate belowground biomass of mangrove forests based on field investigation, but they have yet to fully assess the accuracy of their estimations; remote sensing is an effective tool for deriving characteristics of mangrove forests such as species, leaf area, canopy height, stand biomass, etc. Most applications have focused on spectral features from medium-low resolution optical images or back-scattering characteristics from single-polarized radar images, which cannot provide precise details for discriminating different types of mangrove plant communities, to achieve accurate biomass estimation on wide scale of mangrove plant community, growth parameters of vegetation should be integra

关 键 词：红树林植物 生物量 分布规律 影响因素 遥感 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]