不锈钢和铜吸氚及其干法去污  

Tritium Adsorption and Decontamination of Stainless Steel and Copper by UV/O_3/Thermal Desorption

作　　者：谢云[1] 石正坤[1] 吴涛[1] 孙宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《核化学与放射化学》2014年第4期253-256,共4页Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51178301);中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所创新基金资助项目(2011CX04)

摘　　要：为了对不锈钢和无氧铜吸氚后氚在其内部的分布情况及除氚去污方法进行研究,对模拟吸氚及加热去污后的样品进行了酸蚀刻以考察氚在金属层中的分布情况;单独加热或加热结合通入空气、O3和紫外线(UV)进行去污,考察不同去污方式的去污效果。结果表明:金属在表层1μm内吸附了大量的氚,约占总量的42%;加热到500℃及联合去污不锈钢的最佳去污因子达到286,铜为150,通入气体在中温条件下对金属去污最有效,加热是金属去污最有效方式;氚热解吸形态分析表明氚污染不锈钢有4种吸附态。For studying the depth profiles of tritium of contaminated copper and 316L stainless steel after adsorbing tritium and the methods to decontaminate the metals, the specimens adsorbed tritium and then were etched by an acid mixture, decontaminated by exposed to air, UV or ozone while heating or only by heating. The results show that at a depth of 〈1 μm, the total concentration of tritium is particularly high, the proportion is about 42 % ; based on the thermal desorption and being exposed to O3, the cleaning method has been observed to reduce the amount of absorbed tritium by a factor of 286 for the stainless steel, while it is 150 for copper. All tritium could be released thermally at tempera- tures 500℃ or above, while the type of carrier gas had impact on the decontamination at moderate temperature. The results indicate that four adsorption states of tritium exit in the contaminated stainless steel.

关 键 词：氚 去污 紫外线 臭氧 加热 

分 类 号：TL941.39[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]