长江口及邻近海域水体中石油烃分布特征及其污染评价  

Spatial distribution and pollution analysis of the petroleum hydrocarbons in water from the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent areas

作　　者：李磊[1] 蒋玫[1] 沈新强[1] 王云龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《环境化学》2014年第8期1366-1372,共7页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2010CB429005)资助

摘　　要：根据2001—2009及2013年的10年间5、8月份丰水期对长江口及邻近海域的调查监测资料,研究了水体中石油烃的时空分布特征及污染情况,分析了其污染来源,探讨了其影响机理.研究结果表明,10年间调查海域石油烃范围为0—0.41 mg·L-1,平均浓度为0.08 mg·L-1,各年际间石油烃浓度有显著性差异(P<0.05),且均存在不同程度的超标情况;水体中石油烃空间分布格局整体上呈由近岸向远岸递减的趋势,河口水动力稀释、颗粒悬浮物的吸附作用是控制石油烃分布的主要因素;调查海域空间分布尺度上可以划分为近岸海域和远岸海域两部分,聚类分析。Based on the data obtained from the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent areas in rainy seasons from 2001 to 2009 and in 2013, the distribution characteristics of the petroleum in water and their influencing mechanisms were analyzed, and the pollution status was further analyzed. The results showed that the range of the petroleum content was 0-0.41 mg·L-1 , and the average content was 0.08 mg·L-1. There was significant difference between the years. Petroleum content decreased from the alongshore to the open sea, and hydrographic dynamics, adsorption and flocculation played important roles in the distribution of the petroleum. According to the spatial analysis results, the petroleum in water was classified into two areas, and the results were supported by multidimensional analysis and ANOSIM test. The investigation area could classify into inshore zone and offshore zone.

关 键 词：长江口 石油烃 分布特征 污染分析 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X824