江西省艾滋病成年治疗患者分布及临床特征  

Distribution and Clinical Features of AIDS in Adult Patients under Treatment in Jiangxi Province

作　　者：端翔[1] 邓爱花[2] 周小军[3] 李燕[1] 廖新利 钟荣梅[5] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学研究生院医学部,2011级南昌330006 [2]江西省胸科医院信息科,南昌330006 [3]南昌大学公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理教研室,南昌330006 [4]新干县疾病预防控制中心流行病科,江西新干331300 [5]南昌大学期刊社,南昌330006

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（医学版）》2014年第6期91-95,共5页Journal of Nanchang University：Medical Sciences

基　　金：江西省防艾办委托计划(20130701)

摘　　要：目的了解江西省艾滋病（acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS）成年治疗患者的分布与临床特征,为制订合理的AIDS防治方案与政策提供依据。方法收集江西省2004—2012年开展的2 194例AIDS成年治疗患者的基本情况及临床状态资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析其分布规律与临床特征。结果 2 194例AIDS成年治疗患者的分布规律为：性别以男性为主占71.4%,年龄以30~40岁为主占31.7%,婚姻状况以已婚或同居者为主占60.8%。WHO临床分期分布：Ⅰ期35.2%、Ⅱ期23.0%、Ⅲ期22.4%、Ⅳ期19.4%。感染途径以性传播为主占79.6%。临床特征为：患者机会性感染率为31.9%,不同临床分期患者的机会性感染率有所不同（P〈0.001）;其中前5位机会性感染疾病分别为持续或间断发热17.2%、皮肤损害5.7%、持续腹泻5.6%、带状疱疹5.2%、鹅口疮3.6%。有37.5%患者出现发热、咳嗽咳痰、夜间盗汗、腹泻、恶心、视力下降、皮疹、淋巴结肿大等1种或几种症状体征。7.9%最近1年患有肺结核。乙、丙肝阳性率分别为16.8%、7.5%。结论江西省AIDS成年治疗患者以男性、青壮年、性传播途径为主;机会性感染率较高,机会性感染与临床分期关联性强,特征性临床症状较多且伴随较多乙、丙肝合并感染。宜针对AIDS治疗患者的特征建立健全相关AIDS的综合防治措施,以控制AIDS的播散。Objective To investigate the distribution and clinical features of AIDS in adult patients under treatment in Jiangxi province,and to provide scientific basis for formulating appropriate scheme and policy for preventing and controlling AIDS.Methods The basic information and clinical data of 2 194adult AIDS patients treated between 2004and 2012in Jiangxi province were collected,and the distribution regularities and clinical features of AIDS were analyzed using descriptive epidemiological method.Results Among the 2 194adult AIDS patients,males accounted for 71.4%,patients aged 30-40years accounted for 31.7%,and married and cohabiting patients accounted for 60.8%.The percentages of patients in WHO clinical stageⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ andⅣ were35.2%,23.0%,22.4%and 19.4%,respectively.The main route of transmission was sexual contact（79.6%）.The opportunistic infection rate was 31.9%.However,the opportunistic infection rate was different in various clinical stages（P〈0.001）.The top five opportunistic infection diseases were persistent or intermittent fever（17.2%）,skin lesion（5.7%）,persistent diarrhea（5.6%）,herpes zoster（5.2%）and thrush（3.6%）.One or more symptoms and signs（fever,cough and expectoration,night sweats,diarrhea,nausea,hypopsia,rash,lymphadenectasis,etc.）were found in 37.5%of the patients.The tuberculosis occurred in 7.9%of the patients in the recent one year.The incidences of hepatitis B and C were 16.8% and 7.5%,respectively.Conclusion The majority of AIDS patients under treatment in Jiangxi province are young adult males and sexual contact is the main route of AIDS transmission.The opportunistic infection rate is high among adult AIDS patients and is significantly correlated with clinical staging.Many characteristic clinical signs were accompanied by hepatitis B and C.Therefore,comprehensive prevention and treatment measures should be established aiming at the clinical features of AIDS in adult patients under treatment to control the spread of AIDS.

关 键 词：艾滋病 分布规律 临床特征 机会性感染 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]