GPS/BDS/GLONASS组合单点定位研究  

Study on GPS/BDS/GLONASS combined single point positioning

作　　者：何俊[1] 袁小玲[1] 曾琪[1] 刘万科[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学测绘学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《测绘科学》2014年第8期124-128,170,共6页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(41204030);中电集团54所新技术研究高校合作项目(KX132600031)

摘　　要：文章研究实现了GPS、BDS和GLONASS三系统组合单点定位,在此基础上分析了GPS、BDS、GLO-NASS及其组合系统在全球不同地区的可见性和PDOP值,针对组合定位时随机模型不够精确的问题,比较了等权、高度角定权和赫尔默特方差分量估计模型下的单点定位精度.实验结果表明：GPS、GLONASS全球平均可观测卫星数分别为10颗、7.7颗,且卫星数变化不大;而BDS卫星数变化较大,当测站位于东经45°～170°范围时,可观测到4颗以上BDS卫星;当使用三系统组合定位时,单历元可用卫星数迅速增加至单系统的2～3倍,PDOP值明显减小;高度角定权能较好地描述多系统观测值之间的权比,赫尔默特方差分量估计显示GPS、BDS、GLONASS单频L1/B1伪距之间的权比约为1∶0.8∶0.8.The combined single point positioning of GPS, BDS and GLONASS was realized in the paper. On this basis, the global visibility and PDOP value of each system and their combination were analyzed. As to the inaccuracy of stochastic model in combined positioning, a comparison of equal weight model, elevation based model and Helmert then. Experimental results showed that. （1）the variance component estimation model was carried out average number of visible satellite was 10 for GPS and 7.7 for GLONASS, which would not change much, but for BDS, this could be not the case, its satellite number changed greatly, when in 45°E-170°E, a total of more than 4 BDS satellites could be seen; （2）once three systems combined, available satellites in single epoch increased by 2-3 times, resulting in a sharp decrease in PDOP value; （3）elevation based model could express weight between observations of different systems well, Helmert variance component estimation showed that the weight ratio between GPS, BDS and GLONASS was about 1：0.8： 0.8.

关 键 词：GPS BDS GLONASS 组合单点定位 赫尔默特方差分量估计 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]