醋酸改性电石渣催化酯交换特性研究  

Catalytic Performance of Carbide Slag Modified by Acetic Acid in Transesterification

作　　者：刘梦琪[1] 牛胜利[1,2] 路春美[1,2] 李辉[1] 霍梦佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学能源与动力工程学院,济南250061 [2]山东大学燃煤污染物减排国家工程实验室,济南250061

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2014年第8期184-189,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51206098);山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金资助项目(BS2012NJ005)

摘　　要：以醋酸为改性介质,从醇油摩尔比、催化剂质量分数、酯交换温度及时间等因素出发,并辅以热重分析仪、X射线衍射仪、N2吸附仪和哈米特指示剂等催化剂表征手段,通过酯交换实验系统研究改性电石渣催化酯交换的特性。酯交换原料油（花生油）脂肪酸中的碳原子长度主要为16~18碳;醋酸改性后,电石渣主要成分为（CH3COO）2Ca·0.5H2O,经800℃煅烧活化处理后转变为CaO,比表面积为19.07 m2/g、比孔容积为0.081 4 cm3/g,且能够表现出比未改性电石渣煅烧产物更强的催化酯交换性能。在醇油摩尔比15、催化剂质量分数4%、酯交换温度59℃、酯交换时间2 h的工况下,醋酸改性电石渣催化酯交换能取得甘油收率为96.79%,且重复使用5次时,甘油收率仍能达到92.90%。The catalytic performance of the carbide slag modified by acetic acid in transesterification was investigated from aspects of molar ratio of methanol to oil, catalyst mass concentration, and reaction temperature and time. Meanwhile, the catalyst was characterized by thermogravimetric analyzer, X-ray diffractometer, N2 adsorption apparatus and Hammett indicator. The length of carbon atoms in peanut oil fatty acids was mainly for 16 to 18. The main component of the carbide slag modified by acetic acid was （CH3COO）2Ca.0.5H20. And after calcined at 800℃ , the catalyst mainly consisted of calcium oxide, with the surface area of 19.07 m2/g and the pore volume of 0. 081 4 cm3/g. The catalytic performance of carbide slag modified by acetic acid was better than that of carbide slag under the same conditions. The 96.79% of glycerol yield could be reached under the preferred condition of 15 molar ratio of methanol to oil, 4% catalyst mass concentration, 59℃ reaction temperature, and 2 h reaction time. After reused five times, the glycerol yield still remained above 92.90% under the preferred conditions.

关 键 词：酯交换 钙基异相碱催化剂 电石渣 醋酸改性 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]