基于CFD的大型门式起重机风载特性研究  

CFD based study on wind-load characteristics of large gantry crane

作　　者：朱小海[1] 程文明[1] 罗鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程研究所,四川成都610031

出　　处：《机械设计》2014年第8期83-87,共5页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51175442);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2010ZT03);国家质检总局科技计划资助项目(2010QK302)

摘　　要：随着起重机大型化的不断发展,尤其是工作在海洋、港口的起重机,风载荷变成了一项越来越重要的载荷。但《起重机设计规范》中对其规定的条款比较简略,使得在设计过程中对风载荷的计算也不够精确。为真实详尽地了解起重机风载荷分布情况,利用计算流体力学(CFD)技术,对某大型门式起重机进行了数值模拟,得到了该门机风速场、风压场分布图。在此基础上,首次提出用风压不均匀系数来表征门机的整体风压分布情况。并将所得风力系数、挡风折减系数与《起重机设计规范》对比,两者差异不大,说明该方法的计算结果真实可信。With the continuous development of large cranes,especially the ones working in the ocean and harbor, wind-load analysis of those machineries becomes essential and important,while corresponding terms in design rules for cranes are found to be brief and hence wind-load calculus in the design process is not precise enough. For a better and detailed understanding of wind-load distribution on large cranes, a numerical simulation was realized based on computational fluid dynamics（CFD） technology. Wind velocity field as well as wind pressure field distribution of the gantry crane were obtained. On this basis, uniformity coefficient of wind pressure, first proposed in this filed, is used to characterize the overall wind pressure distribution. A comparison is also done of the two obtained data, coefficient of wind and factor of wind reduction,with those in design rules for cranes, little difference was found,which confirmed the authenticity of the proposed approach.

关 键 词：门式起重机 风载荷 计算流体力学 风压不均匀系数 风力系数 

分 类 号：TH213.5[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]