四川省6地区小型动物及体表寄生虫种群生态调查与分析  

Study on ecology of small mammals and their ectoparasites in six areas of Sichuan province, China

作　　者：魏磊 王新卫[2,3] 王承民[2] 何宏轩[2] 

机构地区：[1]亳州高等师范专科学校理化系,安徽亳州236800 [2]中国科学院动物研究所动物生态和保护生物学院重点实验室,国家野生动物疫病研究中心,北京100101 [3]河南农业大学畜牧工程学院

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2014年第4期309-313,共5页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(9732007BC109103);国家自然科学基金(31101806);2011年安徽省专业带头人项目基金~~

摘　　要：目的了解四川省小型动物及其体表寄生虫种类组成、寄生状况及优势种群,并对其医学和兽医学的重要性进行描述。方法选择四川省6个地区作为调查点,用鼠笼加食饵诱捕小型动物,用全捕法采集其体表寄生虫,并对小型动物及其体表寄生虫进行分类和鉴定。用染虫率和虫指数反映体表寄生虫的流行和密度状况。结果在四川省的6个地区共捕获小型动物447只,隶属2目2科6属7种,短尾鼩和黑线姬鼠为优势种。在鉴定的282只短尾鼩和165只啮齿类动物中,376只动物感染了55种寄生虫,包括33种恙螨,15种革螨,5种蚤类和2种吸虱,染虫率为84.12%。结论小型动物体表寄生虫种类多,其中有14种曾经报道与人类疾病有关。小型动物很可能成为鼠疫、肾综合征出血热和灌丛斑疹伤寒等病原体的贮存宿主。Objective To gather the basic information of small mammals and their ectoparasites in Sichuan province, China,including species composition, predominant species, and parasitism, and to explore the public health and veterinary significance of the investigation.Methods Small mammals were captured alive with baited mouse traps in 6 areas of Sichuan province. All the ectoparasites of the hosts were thoroughly collected. Small mammals and ectoparasites were identified and classified separately. The composition ratio （C）, prevalence （P）, and average ectoparasite abundance （A） were determined to reflect the prevalence and density of ectoparasites.Results A total of 447 small mammals were caught in the 6 areas of Sichuan, belonging to 7 species, 6 genera, 2 families, and 2 orders. Apodemus agrariusandAnourosorex squamipeswere the predominant species in studied areas. Of the 282 individuals ofA. squamipesand 165 rodents identified in this study, 376 （84.12%） were infested with 55 species of ectoparasites, including 33 species of chigger mites, 15 species of gamasid mites, 5 species of fleas, and 2 species of sucking louses.Conclusion There are diverse ectoparasites on small mammals in this study. Fourteen species of ectoparasites were reported to be related to human diseases. Small mammals are highly potential natural reservoirs ofYesinia pestis,hemorrhagic fever viruses, scrub typhus,etc., of which the public health significance should be concerned.

关 键 词：体表寄生虫 短尾鼩 啮齿动物 

分 类 号：R38[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] S443[医药卫生—基础医学]