地震属性技术在煤层及煤层气储层预测中的应用  

Application of Seismic Attribute Analysis Technology in Predicting Coalbed and Coalbed Gas Reservoir

作　　者：陈勇[1,2] 关达 陈洪德[1] 刘玉琦 郑四连 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学沉积地质研究院,四川成都610059 [2]中石化石油物探技术研究院,江苏南京211103

出　　处：《石油天然气学报》2014年第7期65-69,5-6,共5页Journal of Oil and Gas Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05035-005)

摘　　要：沁水盆地的S地震工区的煤层表现为低密度、低波阻抗、低自然伽马、高声波时差、高电阻率"三低二高"的测井响应特征,这决定了煤层或煤层气储层与顶、底板岩层间具有明显的地震响应特征差异。应用地震数值模拟方法模拟煤层与顶、底板岩层间的地震响应特征,研究表明,随着煤层厚度由薄变厚,煤层与顶、底板岩层间形成的地震反射强度有增大的趋势;随着同一套煤层层数的增多,煤层与顶、底板岩层之间的地震反射强度也会增大。并根据煤层及煤层气储层的特征,分别从构造、煤质、煤层上覆地层厚度、煤层的直接盖层、物性等方面对地震属性进行分析和优选,选择出地震振幅、地震旅行时、曲率、频率、吸收衰减、波阻抗等对煤层气储层预测最为敏感的地震属性,并将这些地震属性应用于沁水盆地的S地震工区的煤层及煤层气储层预测中,取得了较好的应用效果。The coal bed methane reservoir in S Seismic Work Area of Qinshui Basin had the'three low and two high'characters,which included low density,low impedance,low gamma and high acoustic travel time and high resistivity.And it decided that there were obvious seismic response differences between coal bed and its top and bottom of coal bed methane reservoir.Based on the analysis of seismic numerical modeling,the seismic response character between coal bed and its top and bottom was studied by using seismic numerical simulation.The result shows that the coalbed is turned to thick from thin one with its thickness increase,and the seismic reflection intensity tends to expand between top and bottom of the coalbed,with the increase of number of coal beds its reflection intensity increases.Based upon the features of coal bed and coal bed methane reservoirs,the seismic attribute is analyzed and optimized from structure,coalbed and thickness of its overlying strata,the direct caprock and physical property,and seismic amplitude,its travel time,curvature,frequency,absorption attenuation,wave impedance are chosen,which are the most sensitive seismic attributes.These attributes are used for coal bed or coal bed methane reservoir prediction in S Work Area of Qingshui Basin,good application result is obtained.

关 键 词：地震属性 数值模拟 波阻抗反演 煤层 煤层气储层 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P618.1[天文地球—地质学]