咸水滴灌补灌对土壤水盐分布和棉花产量的影响  

Effects of Supplementary Irrigation with Saline Water under Drip Irrigation on Soil Water and Salt Distributions and Cotton Yield

作　　者：孙泽强[1] 董亮[2] 王学君[1] 董晓霞[1] 刘兆辉[3] 郑东峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业部山东耕地保育科学观测实验站,济南250100 [2]山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业部黄淮海平原农业环境重点实验室,济南250100 [3]山东省农业科学院,济南250100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2014年第4期273-277,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金项目(BS2011NY017);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903001);国家自然科学基金项目(51209130);国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD05B06-04);国家863课题(2013AA102901-2)

摘　　要：通过田间小区试验，以不补灌为对照，研究成水滴灌补灌对棉花农田土壤水盐分布和产量的影响。结果表明，咸水滴灌补灌主要影响棉花对40-100cm土层水分的吸收，土壤水分动态受灌溉水盐分和降水的综合影响。在鲁北平原淡水灌溉出苗水的前提下，补灌1次矿化度在6g／L以下的成水不会造成棉花根系分布层土壤盐分的明显积累。成水滴灌补灌能明显增加棉花产量，增幅为15．7％-52．8％，增产幅度随着灌水矿化度的增加而降低。Field experiments were carried out to research the effects of supplementary irrigation with saline water under drip irrigation on soil water and salt distributions and cotton yield with no-supplemental irrigation as the control. The results showed that supplemental irrigation with saline water under drip irrigation mainly had an impact on cotton absorbing soil water in 40-100 cm, and the dynamics of soil water were affected by irrigation water salinity and rainfall. After emergence water irrigated with fresh water in Northern Shandong plain, supplemental ir rigation once with mineralization degree below 6 g/L would not cause soil sah to be obviously accumulated in cotton root zone. Supplemental irrigation with saline water under drip irrigation could significantly increase cotton yield by 15.7 %-52.8%, and the increasing rate of yield decreased with the increase of mineralization degree of irrigation water.

关 键 词：土壤水分动态 棉花产量 土壤盐分 补灌 滴灌 咸水 田间小区试验 水矿化度 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]