自然修复草被对坡面径流的阻滞作用研究  

Delaying Effects of Ecological Restoration Grassland on the Runoff

作　　者：杨春霞[1] 李永丽[2] 李莉[1] 奇水云 王普 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院水利部黄土高原水土流失过程与控制重点实验室,河南郑州450003 [2]黄河水利职业技术学院,河南开封475004 [3]达拉特旗水土保持监督检查站,内蒙古鄂尔多斯014300 [4]鄂尔多斯市水土保持局,内蒙古鄂尔多斯014300

出　　处：《人民黄河》2014年第8期94-96,共3页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB403303);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC05B04);中央级公益性科研院所基本业务费专项(HKY-JBYW-2012-12)

摘　　要：自然修复是干旱半干旱地区小流域水土保持生态治理措施的一种,研究自然修复措施对坡面径流的阻滞作用,对客观评价生态蓄水能力和认识黄河水沙锐减原因具有重要意义。利用野外标准小区,研究了天然降雨和径流冲刷模拟试验条件下,坡面自然修复草被对径流的阻滞作用,结果表明:低强度降雨时,自然修复草被坡面降雨入渗率可达97%,高强度降雨时更容易产流;同一径流冲刷试验条件下,自然修复草被坡面、人工草被坡面和裸坡坡面的径流入渗率分别为90.1%、49.1%和3.4%,自然修复草被坡面的产流时间最长,阻延径流、增加入渗的作用更突出。For the arid and semi-arid region,ecological restoration measure is one of ecological management measures of small watersheds. The studies about ecological restoration measures on the runoff are useful in assessing the ecological water storage capacity and recognizing the reasons why water and sediment dropped in the Yellow River. This article took field runoff plot in experiment,studied the impacting of ecological restoration grassland on the runoff under the rainfall and runoff scouring conditions. The results show that the rainfall infiltration rate of ecological restoration grassland is up to 97% under low-intensity rainfall conditions and it more easily generates runoff under high-intensity rainfall conditions;under the same simulation scouring experiment conditions,the runoff infiltration rate of ecological restoration grassland,1-year planted grass and bare slope is 90. 1%,49. 1% and 3. 4% respectively. It is more prominent of delaying runoff and increasing runoff infiltration on ecological restoration grassland.

关 键 词：自然修复措施 阻滞径流 野外试验 天然降雨观测 干旱半干旱地区 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]