基于线粒体控制区序列的三疣梭子蟹增殖放流亲蟹遗传多样性研究  

Genetic diversity of swimming crab( Portunus trituberculatus) from four broodstock populations in stock enhancement inferred from mitochondrial control region

作　　者：杨爽[1] 宋娜[1] 张秀梅[1] 王云中 王四杰 高天翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]山东省水生生物资源养护管理中心,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《水产学报》2014年第8期1089-1096,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201305043;201405010);山东省海洋与渔业厅增殖放流绩效评价项目

摘　　要：为研究山东沿海三疣梭子蟹增殖放流亲蟹群体的遗传多样性状况,实验采用536 bp的线粒体DNA控制区片段作为分子标记,对4个亲蟹群体的遗传多样性和遗传结构进行了分析。结果显示,301个三疣梭子蟹个体共检测到155个单倍型,4个群体的单倍型多样度为0.972 3~0.993 0,核苷酸多样度为0.021 2~0.023 6,表现出丰富的遗传多样性。AMOVA分析和Fst分析结果均显示,4个三疣梭子蟹亲蟹群体间遗传分化微弱,未形成明显的遗传结构,NJ系统树中未出现与各群体相对应的的谱系分支。研究表明,4个增殖放流亲蟹群体的遗传多样性丰富,且其遗传结构与放流海域的野生群体间没有明显分化,种质资源质量较好。此外,群体历史动态分析显示,渤海南部和黄海北部的三疣梭子蟹历史上曾经历过群体扩张事件。Portunus trituberculatus is an economically important marine crab distributed along the coast waters of China,Japan,Korea and Malaysia Islands. In recent decades,the wild population has been constantly decreased due to overfishing and habitats destruction. To protect and recover the P. trituberculatus resources,a large scale of stock enhancement has been carried out in the coastal waters of China. As the stock enhancement activities may change the genetic variability and genetic composition of the recipient wild populations,it is necessary to carry out genetic monitoring of broodstocks and their offspring for the longterm sustainability of wild populations. In present study,genetic diversity and population structure of 4 P.trituberculatus broodstock populations used in stock enhancement were detected according to the sequence of mitochondrial control region. 155 mtDNA haplotypes were observed in 301 P. trituberculatus individuals,among which only 20 haplotypes were shared by different populations. The gene diversity index ranged from0. 972 3 to 0. 993 0,while the nucleotide diversity index ranged from 0. 021 2 to 0. 023 6,both of them showed a high level of genetic diversity for broodstock populations. The result of AMOVA suggested that98. 70% of the genetic differentiation occurred within populations. The Fstvalues between populations ranged from- 0. 002 5 to 0. 023 0,which indicated a little genetic differentiation and no significant genealogical structure among 4 populations together with the result of AMOVA. And no pedigree branch corresponding to different populations was observed in the neighbor-joining tree. The results above suggested that wild populations from where the broodstocks were collected had little genetic differentiation between each other.To sum up,each of the 4 broodstock populations had abundant genetic diversity and similar genetic structure with the wild populations to be supplemented,which reflected good quality of the germplasm resource. The mismatch distribution of pairwise nucleotide a

关 键 词：三疣梭子蟹 亲蟹 线粒体控制区 增殖放流 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S931.5[农业科学—渔业资源]